Group1

Seon & Nathan

Machines
● Definition: Devices that makes doing work easier
● Machines changes the output force, output distance or direction.
● W=F(force)*D(Distance)
● Examples of Machines: chopstick, doorknob.
Inclined plane

Length
● Definition: A flat, sloped surface
● Allows you to exert input force over a longer distance Height
● Ramps = Inclined Plane
● Increases the distance, decreases the input force
● Mechanical advantage = length/ height
wedge

● Definition: a device that is thick on one end and thin

on the other. Input
● Two inclined planes back to back
● Instead of moving the inclined plane, the plane moves.
● The longer and thinner the wedge is, the more
mechanical advantage it has.
● Mechanical advantage: Length / width
Output
● Example: knife Output
Lever

● Definition: Lever is a rigid bar that is free to

pivot, or rotate, on a fixed point.
● The fixed point that a lever pivots = fulcrum. Fulcrum
● Ideal mechanical advantage = Distance from
fulcrum to input force / Distance from fulcrum to
output force

Distance from fulcrum to output

Distance from fulcrum to input
force force
Lever class 1

● First class levers = change direction of the input force

+ increase force or distance.
● Force increase = if fulcrum is closer to the output
force
● Distance increase = if fulcrum is closer to the input
force
Pulley

● Definition: simple machine made of a grooved wheel with rope or

cable wrapped around it.
● Pulley → decrease the amount of input force needed to lift the
object
● Pulley → change the direction of the input force acting on.
Pulley: fixed

● Changes the direction of the force

○ By redirecting the tension of the rope
○ Pulling down on one side creates an upward force in the other side.
● Fixed in place
● Ideal Mechanical advantage = 1
○ Cannot be used to ease work.
 wedge
Compound Machines
Input of wedge/
Definition: machine that combines two or more simple machines
Output of lever Lever
● The output force of one simple machine becomes the
input force of another in a compound

Input of lever