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Introduction of
ICT
Information and Communication Technology

Information and communication have always been vital aspects to

the development of society. In the past, information and knowledge
has been handed down through rituals, performances, paintings,
songs, and other creative channels. The invention of writing
changed all these. Centuries later, the invention of the printing
press in 1445, followed by the Industrial Revolution, ushered in
dramatic changes on how information would be created, produced,
and transmitted.

Between 1445 and today, there have been several technological

breakthroughs that have revolutionized communications, including
the spread and use of information.
The invention of the telephone in 1875 by Alexander
Graham Bell (1847-1922), the development of
television after World War II and its rise as a regular
household fixture, and the global connectivity ushered
in by the Internet in the 1990s these are just some of
the many landmarks in the history of information and
communications technology (ICT). The most expansive
and phenomenal technology is arguably the Internet
because it can integrate the various ways of obtaining
information and transmitting communication.
Aside from the Internet, ICT consists of computers, communication
equipment, and all the allied services and facilities associated with
these. It also covers all devices for computing and networking
computers, including software, applications, and operating systems.
When all of these technologies are combined, they allow people and
organizations (government, private, nonprofit, even criminal
enterprises) to interact in the digital world. Other parts of this system
include telephone systems, cellular networks, cable and satellite
communications, broadcasting, and all other forms of electronic
communication.

Often, ICT is used interchangeably with information technology (IT).

However, the scope of IT is limited to computer systems. To gain a
better understanding of the scope of ICT, one can look into it through
the following subareas:
Information technology - the set of tools, equipment, processes, and protocols
that enable computers to store, retrieve, analyze, process, manipulate, transmit,
and distribute electronic data or information

Telecommunications technology refers to the set of tools, equipment, processes

and protocols surrounding the transmission and reception of audio, data, or
communication using electromagnetic signals. These also include information
transmitting and receiving technologies such as telephones (wired and wireless),
satellite, microwave communications, fiber optics, and the Internet

Networking technology - the set of tools, equipment, processes, and protocols

surrounding the network of computing devices or computer systems to exchange
information and share resources.

These subareas still depend on the theoretical principles and practical applications
of fields like electronics, physics, computer engineering, and computer sciences.
QUIZ
Multiple Choice Read and understand each question carefully.
Write the letter of your correct answer on a sheet of 1/4 paper.

1. What was a significant technological advancement in

communication before the invention of writing?
a. Television c. Printing press
b. Telephone d. Rituals and performances

2. Who invented the telephone in 1875?

a. Alexander Graham Bell c. Nikola Tesla
b. Thomas Edison d. Samuel Morse

3. What technological breakthrough ushered in global connectivity

in the 1990s?
a. Television c. Internet
b. Telephone d. Printing press
4. What does ICT stand for?
a. International Communication Techniques
b. Information and Communication Technology
c. Internet Connection Tools
d. Industrial Communication Technologies

5. What is the most expansive technology in the history of ICT?

a. Television b. Printing press c. Telephone d. Internet

6. Which subarea of ICT focuses on the transmission and reception of

audio, data, or communication using electromagnetic signals?
a. Information technology c. Networking Technology
b. Telecommunications technology d. Computer engineering

7. What is the scope of IT limited to?

a. Telecommunications c. Networking
b. Computer systems d. Internet
8. What does IT stand for?
a. Internet Technology c. Innovative Technology
b. Information Technology d. Industrial Technology

9. Which subarea of ICT enables computers to store, retrieve, analyze,

process, manipulate, transmit, and distribute electronic data or
information?
a. Telecommunications technology c. Information technology
b. Networking technology d. Computer sciences

10. What do the subareas of ICT depend on for theoretical principles

and practical applications?
b. Chemistry and biology
b. Mathematics and statistics
c. Electronics, physics, computer engineering, and computer sciences
d) Literature and history
Answers

1. D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. C