The Role of Three Primary

Objectives of Project
management in Aviation
Course Instructor: Miss Umama Arshad
Overview

 A project management triangle is used by project managers to help their

teams produce a quality final deliverable. By managing three constraints—
• Time
• cost
• scope
• Project managers, their teams and their clients enjoy many benefits, such as
fewer project risks, easier change management and streamlined client
communication.
What is the Project Management
Triangle?
 A project management triangle is a project management
model. It proposes that managing three constraints—cost,
scope and time—leads to a quality final deliverable. These
constraints interconnect and must continually be
balanced. When a change is made to one constraint,
adjustments are required to one or both of the other
constraints to maintain quality. This model is also called
the iron triangle, golden triangle, project triangle and
triple constraint.
Why Is the Project Management Triangle
Important?

 Manage Change Easier: The triangle offers a clear understanding of the

correlation between scope, cost and time as it relates to quality.
 Priority Clarification: Manage priorities to create a quality final deliverable.
Consider a project with a strict budget. Given the constraints, the project
manager knows he or she must closely monitor its scope and time.
 Easier Client Communication: Your clients lean on you to manage projects to
quality outcomes. They expect you to know project management best
practices.
 Reduce Risk: These three benefits come together to reduce project risk.
Knowing which priorities are key to effective project management allows risk
management planners to create plans around them. Change management plans
can also incorporate the correlation of the three constraints to ensure one
change does not derail the project’s quality.
3 Components of the Project Management Triangle
Scope
 The triangle’s scope component refers to the size of the project being
completed. The size is measured in terms of project quality,
complexity, quantity or magnitude of deliverable(s), detail, number
of features and the capacity of the deliverable.
Some example choices that help to balance scope include:
 Adding or removing resources.
 Employing a change management plan to keep scope in check.
 Cutting nice-to-have tasks to make more room for priority ones.
 Extending the project’s deadline.
Cost

 A project’s cost includes paid resources needed for the project. Paid
resources may be talent, raw materials, equipment, facilities, inventory, tools
and even key opportunities.
 Cost is often closely tied to time. Little changes such as removing a team
member can make the project take longer. Time, by extension, is often a paid
resource that can break the project triangle.
 Some example choices that help to balance cost include:
 Reallocating resources from nice-to-have tasks to priority tasks
 Negotiating costs with vendors and contractors
 Replacing expensive resources with lower-cost alternatives
 Removing tasks from the project
Time
 The time component of the triangle includes the project’s overall timeline,
number of hours team members work on the project, time intervals it takes
to complete each milestone, and planning and strategizing time.
 Managing time often requires an adjustment of scope and budget.
 Some example choices that help to manage time include:
 Shortening tasks by adding resources or talent
 Removing tasks that are not required
 Encouraging team members to responsibly multitask
 Allocating more experienced talent to more complex tasks (to reduce the
time-consuming learning curve)
 Extending the deadline
Case example: A Satellite Navigation
Project
Let's consider a case example of a satellite navigation project, such as
the development of a new GPS navigation system for consumer use. In
this project, we can explore how the three primary objectives of project
management (scope, time, and cost) are interrelated.

Scope
 The scope of this project involves
defining the features and capabilities
of the new satellite navigation
system. This might include aspects
like map data, real-time traffic
information, user interface,
compatibility with various devices,
and user-friendly features.
 development, testing, and
The project team must also decide if
the system should support global
coverage, regional coverage, or
specific geographic areas.
Time
 The project needs to have a clear
timeline for its development. For
instance, it may aim to launch the
new navigation system within 18
months.
 Time considerations involve various
stages, such as research and
deployment.
Cost
 The project's budget needs to be
established, accounting for expenses
like research and development,
hiring skilled personnel, acquiring
map data, software development,
hardware production, quality
assurance, marketing, and ongoing
maintenance and support costs.
 The cost constraint will significantly
impact the choices made in terms of
technology, resource allocation, and
vendor selection.
How These Three Objectives Are
Interrelated In This Project:
 Trade-offs

• If the project stakeholders decide to expand the scope of

the navigation system by adding more features, it's likely
to increase the development time and cost. For example,
integrating additional functionality like voice-activated
commands or augmented reality navigation could extend
the project timeline and require more resources.
 Balancing Act

• The project manager must balance the scope's

complexity and breadth with the available budget
and timeline. They may need to make critical
decisions regarding which features are essential
for the initial release and which can be included
in future updates to meet the project's goals and
constraints.
 Constraints

 If the project is operating within a strict budget,

the project manager might have to limit the scope
or adjust the timeline to keep costs under
control. Similarly, if there's a fixed launch date
due to market demands or competitive pressures,
the scope might need to be adjusted to meet that
deadline.
 Monitoring and Control

• Throughout the project, the project manager and

team will closely monitor scope changes, schedule
progress, and cost expenditures. If, for example,
the development process encounters delays or
unforeseen technical challenges, the project
manager will need to adjust the schedule and
budget accordingly to ensure project success.
Summary

A satellite navigation project is an excellent

example of how the three primary objectives of
project management (scope, time, and cost) are
interrelated and require careful management and
trade-offs to deliver a successful product that
meets customer needs while staying within budget
and adhering to the planned timeline.