UNIT 11: URBAN RENAISSANCE

EUROPEAN
TERRITORIES
POLITICAL ORGANISATION

• King
• Curia regis
• Advisors to the
kings
POLITICAL
ORGANISATION
• Kings want to overcome the authority of the
priviledge group and not be the firsts-among-equals
• Large and more control over their territories
• More money to pay te soldiers
• SOLUTION: Bourgeoisie
The
bourgeoisie
• Can led money to the kings
• In exchange of their personal
freedom and safety against the
priviledge group
POLITICAL
ORGANISATION
• Parliament:
• Representation of the kingdom (nobility,
clery and bourgeoisie)
• Parliament in England, Cortes in Castile,
General States in France, Diet in
Germany…
• It is a counterpower of king and cities
against nobility and clergy
POLITICAL
ORGANISATION
• Parliament:
• Look for the Carta Magna
• What it is?
• Why it was used for?
• Look for 1295 Parliament of Edward I
• Why King Edward propose this
meeting?
• What was its utility?
• Who gather?
• Look for the Leon Parliament and its
importance in 1188
ECONOMIC
AL
ADVANTAG
ES
- Agricultural
- Trade and artisan
production
AGRICULTUR
AL
ADVANTAGES
• Crop rotation: from biennal to
trienal rotation
• New tecniques:
• Mouldboard plough
• Collar, horse metal
• Watermill
• CONSEQUENCES:
• Surplus
• Better fed
CONSEQUENCES OF AGRICULTURAL
PROGRESS
Increased
agricultural
production

Renaissance of the
People eat better
cities

There is more
That increase
population
allowed them to
because they are
sell the surplus
better fed
Causes

• Increasement of artisan production

• Security of roads
• Political stability
TRADE AND
Different commercial centers

• Local
ARTISAN
• International
PRODUCTIO
Consequences
N
• Trade associations (Hansa)
• Payments in currency, bills of exchange
• Moneychangers
TRADE AND ARTISAN PRODUCTION
 CITIES
- Function
- Government of a city
CITIES
• Came from ancient Roman cities or new founded
cities

• Parts of the city: boroughs - bourgeoisie

BOROUGH OR A MEDIEVAL CITY
CITY GOVERNMENT

• Govern by:
• Lord (king, noble or clergy)
• Ruled by communers

• Had a:
• Communal charter or jurisdiction
• Communal council
• Mayors and town Hall
SOCIET
Y
- Bourgeoisie
- Artisans and traders:
guilds and craftsmen
 • Bourgeoisie
• Artisans or craftmen
SOCIETY • Traders
• Guilds
CULTUR
AL
RENEWA
L
- Schools and universities
- Crusades
- Mendicant orders
- Inquisition
SCHOOLS
• Schools are called cathedrals
schools
• Basic school, only for male
UNIVERSITIES
• Universities
• Promoted by bishops and kings
• In order to-be councillors to the
King
• Bishops, archbishops, cardinals and
Popes
• 4 arts:
• Liberal arts > Medicine > Law >
Theology
• Scholasticism: Reading > raising a
problema > putting into a
discussion
CRUSADES

Military expeditions organised to expel the muslim from Holy Land

The first Crusade was summoned by Pope Urban II in 1095

Crusades
• Military expeditions organised to expel the muslim from Holy Land
• The first Crusade was summoned by Pope Urban II in 1095
CRUSADES

• MILITARY ORDERS:
• Religious and military militias entrusted to
protect an defend the pilgrims that travel to
Holy Land
• Knights Templars, Knights Hospitaller and
Order of Holy Sepulchre
INQUISITION

• Trial in order to determine if some doctrines are

heresy (contrary to the teachings of the Church).
It appeared in 1230
• Some movements were Waldesians,
Albiensians and Cathars

• LOOK FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THESE

HERETICAL MOVEMENTS
MENDICANT
ORDERS

• New religious orders appear in the cities

against the wealth of the church, that it is
why they`re known as mendicant: vote of
poverty
• Dominicans and Franciscans
14th century crisis
Bad quality lands Bad weather

CRISIS
BAD HARVEST

Overpopulation

FAMINE PLAGUE WARS

Black death Hundred-years war Foughts between the nobility
and monarchy

POPULATION DECLINE
CONSEQUENC
ES
DEMOGRAPHICAL ECONOMY SOCIAL POLITICS
Decline from 80 to 45
million in Europe
Civil Wars and new Foughts between the
Countryfield Cities dinasties ruling nobility and monarchy

Rural areas are Agricultural Poverty and

depopulated production fell Lack of food Reduced demand
of handcraft goods
misery
Castile, Aragon
and Navarre

More taxes Feudal abuses

England
Urban revolts

Peasant revolt

Outburst of anti- Tensions between

Payeses de semitism commoners and urban
Jacquerie Watt Tyler Irmadriños oligarchy
remensa