POST GRADUATE TEACHING DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

MAHATMA JYOTIBA PHULE EDUCATIONAL CAMPUS

RASTRASANT TUKDOJI MAHARAJ NAGPUR UNIVERSITY
NAGPUR-440033
SESSION-2022-23

SEMINAR TOPIC : Anti-androgen and Anti-spermiogenic compound (LDH-CY and SP-

10)

TEACHER-INCHARGE:
DR. MANGALA THAKARE
SUBMITTED BY:
DR. PRAKASH GHODESHWAR CHANDRAKALA H. SAHANI
M.Sc. I Year(SEM II)
DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY
RTMNU NAGPUR
 CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
ANTI-ANDROGEN
HOW ARE THEY USE
SOME COMMON ANTI ANDROGEN
1 . FLUTAMIDE
2 . SPIRONOLACTONE
3 . CYPROTERONE
SIDE EFFECT OF ANTI-ANDROGEN
ANTI-SPERMIOGENIC COMPUND
LDH-CY
SP-10
SUMMARY
REFERENCE
INTODUCTION

 Androgens are hormones that regulate the development of sex characteristics.

 Usually, people born with male sex characteristics tend to have high levels of
androgens.
 People born with female characteristics tend to have low levels of androgens. Instead,
they often have high levels of estrogen.
 Antiandrogens, also known as androgen antagonists or testosterone blockers, are a class
of drugs that prevent androgens like testosterone from mediating their biological
effects in the body.
 They act by blocking the androgen receptor (AR) and/or inhibiting or suppressing
androgen production.
What are anti-androgens?
 Androgens are hormones that regulate the development of sex characteristics.
 Usually, people born with male sex characteristics tend to have high levels of androgens.
People born with female characteristics tend to have low levels of androgens.
 Instead, they often have high levels of estrogen. Anti-androgen drugs work by blocking the
effects of androgens, such as testosterone. They do this by binding to proteins called
androgen receptors.
 They bind to these receptors so that androgens can’t bind to them.
 It has been suggested that the subsequent germ cell degeneration occurring with these
agents is a direct consequence of functional impairment of Sertoli cells.
 Anti-spermatogenic agents to suppress sperm production and to prevent sperm
maturation, sperm transport through the vas deferens, and sperm deposition.
How are they used?
Anti-androgens have many uses, from managing prostate cancer to
reducing unwanted facial hair.
For women
Many women tend to produce few androgens. However, some women may
produce more than others.
For example, women with polycystic ovary syndrome.(PCOST). This can
cause excess hair growth, acne, and ovulation problems.
FOR MEN
Androgens stimulate cancer cell growth in the prostate. Lowering androgen
levels, or preventing androgens from reaching cancer cells, can help slow down
cancer.
It may also shrink existing tumors.
Anti-androgens work by blocking androgens Trusted Source from binding to
androgen receptors in prostate cancer cells. This starves the cancer cells of the
androgens they need to grow.
What are some common ones?
There are several anti-androgens available, each with slightly different uses. Here’s a look at
some of the most common ones.
 Flutamide
Flutamide is a type of anti-androgen people use with other medications to treat certain types of
prostate cancer. Flutamide binds to the androgen receptors in prostate cancer cells, which blocks
androgens from binding to the receptor
 Spironolactone
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a type of anti-androgen that medical professionals used for years to
treat hormonal acne trusted source and excessive body hair.
 Cyproterone
Cyproterone was one of the first anti-androgens. Healthcare professionals used it with other
medications to treat women with PCOS.(polycystic ovary syndrome)
What are the side effects?
Anti-androgens can produce a range of side effects, depending on the dose and type it has been
taken.
Some possible side effects include:
 low sex drive
 increased risk of depression
 elevated liver enzymes
 reduced facial and body hair
 higher risk of developmental issues for a foetus if you take them during pregnancy
 Hepatitis
 liver injury
 erectile dysfunction
 breast tenderness
 hot flashes
 menstrual irregularity
 skin rash
ANTI-SPERMIOGENIC COMPOUNDS

 Anti-spermatogenic agents, which produce testicular atrophy

following repeated dose administration, have been reported to
induce Sertoli cell vacuolation immediately after the onset of
treatment.
 Anti-spermatogenic agents to suppress sperm production and to
prevent sperm maturation, sperm transport through the vas
deferens, and sperm deposition.
 The adverse effects caused by oral and injectable
contraceptives are: increased blood transaminase, cholesterol
levels, indigestion, weight gain, headache, depression, fatigue,
etc.
 They also disturb the metabolism of lipids, proteins,
carbohydrates, enzymes, and vitamins
 Sperm Protein-10 (SP-10)
 Sperm-specific acrosomal protein, SP-10, was first identified in humans.
 SP-10 it is localised within the acrosomal compartment and the outer acrosomal
membrane complex and is therefore only accessible to antibody after the
acrosome reaction has been initiated.
 Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH-CY )
 The isozyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays important role in lactate
metabolism and glycolysis of developing and mature spermatozoa.
 It has different subunits LDH-A, LDH-B, and LDH-C.
 Among these, LDH-CY subunit is independent gene product which is expressed
only in spermatogenic cells and is immunologically different from the other two
subunits.
SUMMARY

 Androgens are hormones that regulate the development of sex characteristics

 Antiandrogens, also known as androgen antagonists or testosterone blockers, are
a class of drugs that prevent androgens like testosterone from mediating their
biological effects in the body.
 Anti-spermatogenic agents, which produce testicular atrophy following repeated
dose administration, have been reported to induce Sertoli cell vacuolation
immediately after the onset of treatment
 Sperm Protein-10 (SP-10)
 Sperm-specific acrosomal protein, SP-10, was first identified in humans
 Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH-CY )
 The isozyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays important role in lactate
metabolism and glycolysis of developing and mature spermatozoa
REFERANCES

 Encyclopedia of reproduction volume I

 https://www.healthline.com/health/anti-androgen