ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

PATHWAYS

AIR BORNE PARTICLES

AGENDA:
1. Introduction and role of CO2 in air pollution

2. Hazardous properties of air borne particles

3. Sources and global pathways of air pollution

4. Particulate

matter(PM)

5. Health effects in humans due to PM(inhalation and indigestion)

INTRODUCTION
 ROLE OF CO2 IN AIR POLLUTION
 Climate change driver
CO2 is a greenhouse gas which is responsible for trapping heat in
the atmosphere ,leading to global warming and climate change.

 Indirect Air Quality Impact

The accumulation of CO2 worsens air quality through various
mechanisms.

 Promotes other pollutants

Elevated CO2 levels can exacerbate the formation and
persistence of other air pollutants like particulate matter and
nitrogen oxides.
 Weather pattern changes
CO2 induced climate change can alter weather patterns and
atmospheric circulation through air pollutants
2.HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF
AIRBORNE PARTICLES
Respiratory Irritation
Toxicity
Carcinogenecity
Allergenicity
Cardiovascular effects
Visibility Reduction
Environmental Impact
3.Sources and global pathways of air pollution

 Combustion Processes:
Burning fossil fuels in vehicles, power
plants, industries, and residential heating contributes to emissions of pollutants
like carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and
particulate matter (PM).

 Industrial Activities:
Industrial processes release pollutants such
as sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
and heavy metals into the atmosphere.

 Agricultural Practices:
Activities like livestock farming and the use of
fertilizers and pesticides release ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), and
other pollutants into the air.
 Waste Management:
Open burning of waste, landfill emissions, and
wastewater treatment can produce pollutants including methane, volatile
organic compounds, and particulate matter.

 Natural Sources:
Volcanic eruptions, wildfires, dust
storms, and biogenic emissions from plants and soil also contribute
to air pollution.

 Transportation:
Vehicles emit pollutants such as nitrogen oxides,
particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds,
especially in urban areas with heavy traffic congestion.
 3. PARTICULATE MATTER(PM)
Particulate pollutants are small solid particles and liquid droplets
suspended in air. Many of pollutants are hazardous.

Examples:
• Dust
• Pollen
• Smoke
• Liquid droplets(aerosols)
They are blown into the atmosphere by volcanic eruption, blowing
of dust, incomplete combustion of fossil fuels induces soot. Combustion of fossil
fuels creates fly ash and finishing of metals throws metallic particles into the
atmosphere.
5.Health effects in human due to particulate matter

Particulate matter pollution can have significant adverse

effects on human .
 Respiratory problems
 Cardiovascular effects
 Reduced lung function
 Increased mortality
 Development and Reproductive effect
 Aggravation of existing health conditions
 Inhalation :
The process of breathing in air and any particles /glass suspended in it :

 Larger particles (PM10) – Trapped in the nose or throat

 Smaller particles (PM2.5) – Penetrate deeper into the lungs

It causes Irritation ,Inflammation and damage to the respiratory tract tissues

. It leads to diseases such asthma ,Bronchitis ,Emphysema and
Cardiovascular issues like Heart attacks and Strokes
Indigestion /Dyspepsia :
Discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen.
Symptoms :
 Belching
 Nausea
 Feeling of fullness after eating
 Bloating

Issues :
 Inflammatory response
 Stress and anxiety
 Poor air Quality
 Food contamination
6.RISK REDUCTION
 FUTURE TRENDS

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