(CU09) VEHICLE STEERING,

SUSPENSION, WHEEL
SYSTEM SERVICE)
DATE
 FUNCTIONS OF STEERING
SYSTEM
• Provide precise control of the wheel direction
• Maintain correct steering effort
• Transmit road feel to the driver’s hands
• Absorb most of the road shock going to the steering wheel
STEERING SYSTEM

• Allow for suspension action

 VEHICLE TURNING
PRINCIPLES
• Inside wheel turns at a smaller radius, hence the inside wheel turns at a steeper angle then the
outside wheel.
• When turning, front wheels turning position does not point the same direction in a line
projection.
STEERING SYSTEM
 BASIC STEERING SYSTEM

• Two basic types of steering systems are in use today:

 Linkage (worm gear) steering systems
 Rack-and-pinion steering systems
• Each may be operated manually or with Power Assist (HYDRAULIC OR ELECTRIC
STEERING SYSTEM

MOTOR)
 LINKAGE (WORM GEAR)

Consist of:

• Steering Wheel – used by the driver to rotate a steering

shaft.
STEERING SYSTEM

• Steering Shaft – transfers turning motion from the

steering wheel to the steering gearbox.
• Steering Column – supports the steering column and
steering shaft.
• Steering Gearbox – changes turning motion into a
straight-line motion to the left or right.
• Steering linkage – connects the steering gearbox to the
steering knuckles and wheels
 RACK AND PINION

Consist of:

• Pinion Gear- rotated by the steering wheel and steering

shaft; it’s teeth mesh with the teeth on the rack.
STEERING SYSTEM

• Rack- long steel bar with teeth along one section; slides
sideways as the pinion gear turns.
• Gear Housing- holds the pinion gear and rack.
• Tie-rods- connects the rack with steering knuckles.
 HYDRAULIC ASSISTED POWER
STEERING
• Power Steering normally use an engine driven pump and a hydraulic system to assist steering action
• Add-on piston and hydraulic operated medium to the common type of steering construction (basically
Rack & Pinion).
• Two fluid ports, one on each side
STEERING SYSTEM

• The side with high pressure pushes the piston to the opposite side (while turning the wheel).
STEERING SYSTEM
 POWER STEERING PUMP
• Engine-driven pump that produces
the hydraulic pressure for steering
system operation
• Driven by a belt or directly off the
STEERING SYSTEM

back of the camshaft

• The power steering fluid reservoir
may be formed as part of the body
or as a separate container
STEERING SYSTEM
 ELECTRIC-ASSISTED POWER STEERING
(EPS)
• Uses a small electric motor to help move the rack-and-pinion gearbox
• The motor is mounted inside the rack housing and acts on the steering rack
• The advantage is lighter steering handling and more compact build compared to hydraulic
system
STEERING SYSTEM
STEERING SYSTEM
END