Present Pakistan

Land and people of Pakistan

Basic information about
Pakistan
 Pakistan
Pakistan, officially the Islamic
Republic of Pakistan, is a
country located in South Asia.
It is the world's second largest
Muslim population country.
 Pakistan
The name of the country was coined in
1933 by Chaudhry Rahmat Ali, a
Pakistan Movement activist.
Pakistan is an ideological state which
came into existence as a result of the
demand for a separate homeland for the
Muslims of the Indian subcontinent.
 Pakistan
 Pakistan was created on 14 August, 1947 by "Quaid-e-
Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah".
 The boundary of Pakistan was demarcated by "Sir Cyril
Radcliffe”, on 17 August 1947.
 It was created on the basis of Islam and in order to
protect the rights of Muslims of India.
 Pakistan is "Gate Way To Central Asia“ and Islamabad
is the capital of Pakistan.
 Pakistan
AREA:
Total area: 796,096 km.sq
Area : Ranked 36th
Water:3.1%
Land: 96.9%
 Religion
Pakistan was formed as an Islamic nation, and
Islam continues to be the religion of
approximately 97 percent of the population. The
Muslim majority areas were mostly carved out into
Pakistan after the partition of subcontinent.
Therefore, the large majority of the population of
Pakistan is comprised of Muslims. Members of
several minority religions also live there, including
Hindus, Christians, Parsis, Sikhs etc
 Religion
The negligible minority of Hindus is settled
mainly in the border districts of Sindh. Christians
are widely spread throughout the country. The
Parsis (Zoroastrians). are an economically notable
minority, mostly settled in Karachi.
The constitution of Pakistan also guarantees the
right of minorities to profess, practice and
propagate their religion.
Components of Pakistan Ideology
1. Islam
2. Democracy
3. Social Justice, sense of responsibility
and equality
4. Fundamental Human Rights
Neighboring Countries
Pakistan shares its border
with Iran , Afghanistan , China
and India and the coast of the
Arabian Sea forms its southern
border.
Culture
Culture can be defined as all the ways of life
including arts, beliefs and institutions of a
population that are passed down from
generation to generation. Culture has been
called "the way of life for an entire society."
As such, it includes manners, dress,
language, religion, rituals, art etc.
Culture
In the cultural arena, Pakistan has inherited
a rich heritage. A highly developed way of
life was attained by the people of Pakistan
through the Indus Valley Civilization about
5000 years ago which came to an end around
1500 B.C.
Similarly, the city of Taxila emerged as a
famous centre of Buddhist learning and
culture which existed for thousand years.
Culture
Pakistan comprises of numerous
diverse cultures and ethnic groups
like include Punjab , Sindh,
Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
etc have their peculiar culture.
Census of Pakistan
The 2017 Census of Pakistan was a detailed
enumeration of the Pakistani population
which began on 15 March 2017 and ended
on 25 May 2017.
It was the first census taken in the country
in the 21st century, nineteen years after the
previous one in 1998, and it was carried out
by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
Languages in Pakistan
Languages of Pakistan ( Reference 2017 Census)
 Punjabi (38.78%)
 Pashto (18.24%)
 Sindhi (14.57%)
 Saraiki (12.19%)
 Urdu (7.08%)
 Balochi (3.02%)
 Hindko (2.44%)
 Brahui (1.24%)
 Kashmiri (0.17%)
 Others (2.26%)
 Urdu as National Language
In 1973, Urdu was recognized as the sole national
language of Pakistan.
Urdu which is written in an extended Arabic alphabet
combines the languages of early invaders and settlers.
Arabic, Persian, and Turkish with native Sanskrit
created Urdu.
Urdu is the language most commonly spoken
throughout the country.
English as Lingua Franca
English is the lingua franca(a language that is
adopted as a common language between speakers
whose native languages are different) of the
Pakistan and most of the government ministries.
The medium of education is Urdu and English.
It is also continues to be used in higher education
and professional colleges, particularly in scientific
and technical fields. English is widely used for
commercial, legal and other official business in the
country
Regional Languages
Balochi and Brohi are spoken in most parts
of Balochistan, Pushto in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and also in some parts of
Balochistan, Punjabi in Punjab, and Sindhi
in the Province of Sindh. Saraiki is widely
spoken in southern Punjab in the districts of
Multan, Bahawalpur and Dera Ghazi Khan
and adjoining areas of Balochistan and
Sindh.
 Physical features of Pakistan
Pakistan has all types of
terrain (territory) including
fields, mountains, deserts,
lakes, rivers, grasslands,
plains etc
Glaciers, Lakes,
Mountains, Rivers,
Seaports
Seaports

Pakistan has three big sea ports named as;

Karachi Port,
Muhammad Bin Qasim
Gwadar port
Seaports
The Gwadar port is one of the deepest
seaports in the world and holds great
importance because of its strategic location.
The Karachi port is the busiest port of
Pakistan and is considered the economic
hub of Pakistan.
Port Qasim, also known as Port Muhammad
Bin Qasim, is a deep-water industrial port, it
is the second busiest port of Pakistan.
Gawadar Seaport
Bin Qasim Port
Karachi port
Deserts of Pakistan
The large barren area of land that has very
less rain / no rain called desert.
The most important deserts in Pakistan are
the following:
 1. Thal Desert
2. Thar Desert
3. Kharan Desert
Rivers of Pakistan
River is a natural flowing watercourse, usually
freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or
another river. In some cases a river flows into the
ground and becomes dry at the end of its course
without reaching another body of water such as in
Baluchistan plateau where many small rivers ends
up in salt flats.
 Small rivers can be referred to using names such
as stream, creek, brook, rivulet, and rill.
Major Rivers of Pakistan
The river system of the country is
originated from the snow-covered
Karakoram and Himalayan range.
River system of Pakistan mainly comprises
of five rivers that pass mostly through the
Punjab province; therefore the name
'Punjab' 'panj' meaning five and 'aab'
meaning water.
Major Rivers of Pakistan
The five main rivers of Pakistan are;
Jhelum,
 Chenab,
Ravi,
Sultej
Indus
Major Rivers of Pakistan
Being the 3rd largest agricultural
economy in the whole world, Pakistan's
rivers are the most important
sources of water that are used in
agriculture for all domestic usage
and in the irrigation system.
Rivers:
Indus River is taken to be one of the longest rivers in
Asia. The Indus river is the longest river in Pakistan,
originating from the Himalayan region. The Indus
River fulfils the water requirements of Pakistan and is
the main support for agriculture.
Jhelum River is a river that flows from the Indian-
administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir,
through the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad
Kashmir, and into Pakistani Punjab.
Rivers:
Sutlej flows through the historic crossroad region
of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan.
Chenab flows through Jammu and Kashmir. It is
then joined by the Jhelum River at Trimmu, a flood
control mechanism near Jhang and on moving
further it merges with the Sutlej.
River Ravi like many other rivers of the region,
originates in the Himalayas. It's also called 'The
river of Lahore' since the city of Lahore is located
at Ravi's eastern bank.
Lakes
There are around 60 lakes in
Pakistan, all known for their
distinctive location and natural
beauty.
Lakes
The largest lake in Pakistan is the
Manchar Lake, which is also the
largest lake in South Asia.
A beautiful lake of Pakistan located in
the Thatta district of Sindh, Keenjhar
Lake. It is the second-largest lake in
Pakistan with fresh water.
Lakes
The ‘Attabad Lake’ located in Gojal Hunza Valley,
Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. The lake came into
existence in 2010 as a result of the Attabad disaster.
Ever since the lake has become one of the
top tourist destinations in Pakistan. Apart from
the scenic view, the lake also offers a lot of
recreational activities including boating, jet skiing,
and fishing.
Saiful Muluk lake came into existence by the
surrounding glaciers. The lake has a very diverse
range of flora and fauna.
 Glaciers
A glacier is a huge mass of ice that moves
slowly over land.
The term “glacier” comes from the French
word glace (glah-SAY), which means ice.
Glaciers are often called “rivers of ice.”
Glaciers fall into two groups: alpine glaciers
and ice sheets.
 Glaciers in Pakistan
Pakistan has some of the world’s highest
and most spectacular mountains. A total of
13 of the world’s 30 tallest peaks are located
there, including K2 (8,611 m), the second
highest peak in the world, Nanga Parbat
(8,125 m), the ninth highest peak, and Tirich
Mir (7,690 m) in the Hindu Kush.
 Glaciers in Pakistan
The glaciated area in northern
Pakistan is estimated to cover 15,000
km², and as much as 37 percent of the
Karakoram region is covered by
glaciers.
According to an estimate there are
more than 7259 glaciers in Pakistan.
Home Assignment
Read about the Glaciers
of Pakistan
Reference
https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/final-results-census-
2017-0
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/
00islamlinks/txt_rahmatali_1933.html