Types of Virtualisation

Dr G Sudha Sadasivam
Agenda
• Introduction, hypervisors
• OS virtualisation
• network
• storage
• data
• application
• desktop
 Introduction
• Virtualisation shares a physical resource among multiple users
• assigns logical name to physical resource and assigns a pointer to it
• Virtual machine is a logical resource
• virtual machine is created on a host machine
• virtual machine is referred as a guest machine.
• virtual machine is managed by a software or firmware - hypervisor or VMM
Types of hypervisors
• Type 1 hypervisor
• executes on bare system. Oracle VM
• No host OS

Type 2 hypervisor
• software interface that emulates the
devices with which a system interacts
• KVM, VMware
 Types of virtualisation
Full virtualisation
• guest OS is completely isolated by
the virtual machine
• Trap calls are converted by binary
translation by VMMto host
hardware instructions
• MS
Paravirtualisation
• uses hypercalls for operations to
handle instructions at compile time
• GuestOS is not completely isolated
from HW
• Xen
Full virtualization Paravirtualisation
Guest OS is unmodified Guest OS is modified to generate
hypercalls
less secure. more secure
Fuses binary translation and a uses hypercalls at compile time for
direct approach for operations. operations.
Full Virtualization is slow faster
more portable and compatible. less portable and compatible.
The guest operating system will Using the drivers, the guest operating
issue hardware calls. system directly communicates with the
hypervisor.
good isolation less isolation
It provides the best isolation. It provides less isolation compared to
full virtualization.
 Hardware assisted virtualisation

• Privileged and sensitive calls are set

to automatically trap to the
hypervisor , removing the need for
either binary translation or
paravirtualization.
• Guest transition overhead
 Storage virtualisation
• Storage virtualization works by gathering and merging multiple
physical storage arrays and presenting them as a single storage
location to the user over a network.
• advantages
• centralized management
• scalability
• Backing up, recycling and dropping data
• good performance at less expense
• automated management
 Network virtualisation
• combining all the components of networks and administering them
using only software
• removes dependency on underlying sw embedded in hw
• connect VMs
• good flexibility
 Application virtualisation

• Application virtualization refers to the

process of deploying a computer
application over a network (the cloud).
• instantiates application when required by
user in the cloud
• eliminates need to install /manage
applications
Desktop virtualisation

• The desktop environments, also called virtual machines (VMs), are

housed on powerful servers that can host several desktop sessions
concurrently
• device failure will not result in any loss
• more secure as everything is in cloud
 Data virtualisation
• data is collected from various
sources and managed at a single
place
• abstraction
• transformation
• federation
• delivery