PLANET

BIOMES
BY ELIAS JOSE
TERRESTRIAL
BIOMES
They TUNDRA
are treeless regions found in the
Arctic and on mountain tops, where the
climate is cold and windy, and rainfall
is low.

EXAMPLES
• Arctic tundra
• Antarctic tundra
• Alpine tundra
The taiga, or boreal forest, is the
TAIGA

biotope typical of the boreal forest

climate. It is a coniferous forest that
supports cold climatic conditions and
low rainfall. For it to appear there must
be at least one month with more than
10 °C on average.

EXAMPLES
• North America (Canada and
Alaska) and Scandinavia (Finland,
Norway, and Sweden)
A desert is a barren area of landscape
DESERT
where little precipitation occurs and,
consequently, living conditions are
hostile for plant and animal life.

EXAMPLES
• Sahara Desert
• Arabian Desert
• Gobi Desert
A grassland
GRASSLANDS is an area where the
vegetation is dominated by grasses

EXAMPLES
Eurasian steppes, North American
prairies, and Argentine pampas.
Tropical grasslands include the hot
savannas of sub-Saharan Africa and
northern Australia.
 DECIDUOUS
Deciduous forest means a forest in
FOREST
which the leaves fall off the trees when
the winter comes. The deciduous
forests are located in the temperate
zone above the tropical forests and
below the coniferous forests.

EXAMPLES
Maple, oak, and elm are examples of
deciduous forests.
Tropical rainforest is the jungle or
TROPICAL
RAINFOREST
dense forest with a tropical climate that
is characterized by high rainfall (2000
to 5000 mm per year) and a high
average temperature.

EXAMPLE
• Amazon Rainforest, South America
• Congo Rainforest, Africa
• Southeast Asian Rainforest
MARINE
BIOMES
 MARINE
A marine biome is a large aquatic
ecosystem that includes both saltwater
and freshwater habitats.

EXAMPLES
Marine biomes include the oceans,
coral reefs, and estuaries
An estuary is a partially enclosed
ESTUARY
coastal body of brackish water with one
or more rivers or streams flowing into
it, and with a free connection to the
open sea.

EXAMPLES
Other examples of coastal plain
estuaries include the Hudson River in
New York, Narragansett Bay in Rhode
Island, the Thames River in England,
the Ems River in Germany
Freshwater is a body or watercourse of
FRESHWATER
inland fresh water.

EXAMPLES
They include lakes, ponds, rivers,
streams, springs, bogs, and wetlands.
OTHER
BIOMES
 Is often described as an area of
SAVANNAH
grassland with dispersed trees or
clusters of trees.

EXAMPLES
The East African plains, the South
American pampas, and the open
woodlands of northern Australia.
tT
TheCHAPARRAL
name given to several ecological
communities of small woody species

EXAMPLES
Common examples of the plants found
in the chaparral biome include scrub
oak, poison oak, and cacti.
 MOUNTAIN
Trees grow tall and at elevations higher
ZONES
than in other climate zones.

EXAMPLES
The Caucasus Mountains in Asia