Sap2000

Eng. Ahmad Traboulsi

Eng. Ahmad Traboulsi Sap2000 course 1

Outline
1. Introduction to the Structural Design (Part 1)
2. Description of the Project worked on (Part 1)
3. Determination of the dimensions of the structural elements (Part 1)
4. Introduction to Sap2000 (Part 1)
5. Sap2000 model (Part 1)
6. Design of the building (beams, slabs, columns, foundations) (Part 1)
7. Define and design all types of stairs (Part 2)
8. Define and design all types of water tanks (Part 3)
9. Advanced 2D work in Sap2000 (Part 4)
10. Design R.C.C parking ramp in Sap2000 (Part 5)
11. Design a Dome in Sap2000Eng.(Part 6) Sap2000 course
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Description of the Project
Residential Building 15 stories + One basement located in Lebanon
F’c = 25Mpa for horizontal element (Slabs and Beams)
F’c = 30 Mpa for Vertical element (Columns, Walls, and Foundations)
Fy = 420Mpa (longitudinal reinforcement)
Fyt = 240Mpa ( transversal reinforcement)
Qa = 3kg/cm2 (Bearing capacity of soil)
Height of the basement 4m
Height of the typical stories 3m
We use Shear Wall system for earthquake design R=5.5

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Description of the Project
 Assume thickness of shear wall 40cm for stories 1,2,3 and 4
Assume thickness of shear wall 30cm for stories 5,6 and 7
Assume thickness of shear wall 25cm for stories 8 to 16
All columns are with minimum dimensions 600x250mm

We will use the ACI code for the structural design

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Story 1 Waffle Slab Type 1

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Story 1 Waffle Slab Type 1
• Two Way
• We use waffle slab when we have long spans and high live load
• Spacing between ribs above 1m and below 2m
• Loads:
1. Dead Load = 3.5 kN/m2 (Type of Slab)
2. Live Load = 5 kN/m2 (Parking)

Interior Interior with Exterio Exterior with

without Drop Drop without Drop Drop

Spacing > 1 m L/22 L/24 L/20 L/22

Where L = L average = (Lx + Ly /

2)
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h slab31.45cm = 32cm

We need to use hidden beams so h slab = h

beams

h beams ?

One Two
Simply Cant
end end
Drop L/14 L/15 L/16 L/6
Hidden L/16 L/18.5 L/21 L/8

h beam = = 38 cm

So h slab = h beam = 38 cm
S1=S2=1.6m; Tf= 8cm; Rw=20cm
The section of the beam in story 1 is B 100x38

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Story 2 Waffle Slab Type 2
• Two Way
• We use waffle slab when we have long spans and high live load
• Spacing between ribs below 1m
• Loads:
1. Dead Load = 3.5 kN/m2 (Type of Slab)
2. Live Load = 5 kN/m2 (Parking)

Interior Interior with Exterior Exterior with

without Drop Drop without Drop Drop

Spacing < 1 m L/27 L/30 L/24 L/27

Where L = L average = (Lx + Ly /

2)
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h slab = 27cm

We need to use hidden beams so h slab = h

beams

h beams ?

One Two
Simply Cant
end end
Drop L/14 L/15 L/16 L/6
Hidden L/16 L/18.5 L/21 L/8

h beam = = 38 cm
So h slab = h beam = 38 cm
S1=S2=0.8m; Tf= 8cm; Rw=20cm
The section of the interior beam in story 2 is B 100x38
The section of the exterior beam in story 2 is B 25x75 = 2 x h slab
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Story 3 One Way Ribbed Slab

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Story 3 Ribbed Slab
• One way parallel to y axis
• We use ribbed slab for residential
• Loads:
1. Dead Load = 4.5 kN/m2 (Type of Slab)
2. Live Load = 2 kN/m2 (residential)

Simply One end Two end Cant

Drop L/20 L/24 L/28 L/10

Hidden L/16 L/18.5 L/21 L/8

Where L = L parallel to the ribs so h slab = 695/18.5 = 38cm h beam = 38cm B 100x38
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Story 4 Flat Slab

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Story 4 Flat Slab
• Flat slab easy in construction
• Loads:
1. Dead Load = 3 kN/m2 (Type of Slab)
2. Live Load = 2 kN/m2 (residential)

h flat slab = L / 33 = = 20cm

Where L = L average

h beam = 3 x h slab = 3 x 20 = 60cm so B25x60

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Story 5 Solid Slab

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Story 5 Solid Slab
• Solid slab efficient in seimic
• Loads:
1. Dead Load = 3 kN/m2 (Type of Slab)
2. Live Load = 2 kN/m2 (residential)

h solid slab= Perimeter / 140 =

We multiply the non continuous side of the panel by 0.76

h beam = 3 x h slab = 3 x 16 = 48cm so B25x50

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Retaining Wall
• Retaining Walls are only in story 1
• Thickness of the retaining Walls = 30cm

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Stairs
We have 3 types of stairs:
• Spiral stairs
• Cantilever stairs
• Two flight support stairs

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 Spiral Stair

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 Cantilever Stair

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 Two flight Stair

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Rise and Run in stairs

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Stair
• Assume H stair = 18 cm
• Dead Load on the stair = 3 KN/m2
• Live load on the stair = 4 KN/m2

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 Water Tanks

Underground water tank Upper ground water tank

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 Ramp

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 Dome

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Earthquake Design

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Earthquake Design

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Earthquake Design

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Earthquake Design
• Regular < 73m Static
• Regular > 73m Dynamic
• Irregular < 21m Static
• Irregular > 21m Dynamic
• Irregular number of stories 5 and above Dynamic
• Eccentricity between center of mass and rigidity > 20% Dynamic

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Earthquake Design

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Loads on Beams
• Wall 20cm : Loads= 12KN/m
• Wall 15cm : Loads= 9KN/m
• Wall 10cm : Loads= 6KN/m

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Stiffness Modifier
• Slab 0.25
• Beams 0.35
• Wall 0.5
• Column 0.7

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Wind Velocity
• Wind speed in Lebanon Vk= 33m/s

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Story displacement
• Limit of story displacement = L / 500
Where L is the height of the structure on mm

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Story Drift

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Story Drift

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