ALCOHOL USE

DISORDER
CH3CH2OH
 ETHANOL
CONTENTS
• BEER 4%
• WINE 12%
• WHISKEY 40-50%
METABOLIZED

• LIVER
• HEPATOTOXIC
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
 WERNICKE’S SYNDROME

ACUTE CONFUSIONAL STATE

• PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
• ATAXIA
• DELIRIUM
KORSAKOFF’S SYNDROME

CHRONIC COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT/

CEREBRAL ATROPHY & MEMORY
LOSS

• DIMENTIA
• CEREBRAL ATROPHY
• MEMORY LOSS
COMMON TRAITS OF ALCOHOLISM

*LOW SELF ESTEEM

INTROVERSION

PASSIVITY
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

• MILD TREMULOUSNESS
• SHAKES/HANGOVER
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

• S- SWEATING
• I- INCREASED PULSE
• T- TREMORS
• B- BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASE
• A- AGITATION
• A- ANOREXIA
• A- ANXIETY
• N- NAUSEA
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

• C- CONFUSION
• H- HYPERTHERMIA
• H- HYPERTENSION
• H- HALLUCINATION
• A- AGITATION
• Se- SEVERE DIAPHORESIS
⚬ SEIZURE
PSYCHOPHARMACO
LOGY
 IINOM KA PA BA?

D - DISULFIRAM
Na - NALTREXONE
T - THIAMINE
L - LONG ACTING BENZODIAPINE
G FIRST DOC: LORAZEPAM (ATIVAN)
CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE (LIBRIUM)
DIAZEPAM (VALLIUM)
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF ALCOHOLISM

• DENIAL
• RATIONALIZATION
• INTROJECTION
• PROJECTION
SELH HELP GROUPS

• ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS(AA)
ALCOHOLIC INDIVIDUALS
• AL-ANON
FAMILIES
• ALATEEN
12- 18 YRS OLD
SUBSTANCE
ABUSE
SUBSTANCE
ABUSE
• HAS LEGAL
PROBLEMS
• VIOLATION: RA 9165
• (COMPREHENSIVE
DANGEROUS DRUGS
ACT)
 SUBSTANCE TOLERANCE

INCREASED AMOUNT TO ACHIEVE

DESIRED EFFECT
SUBSTANCE COMPULSION

USE OF A DRUG REPEATEDLY AND

RECURRENT
SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL

STOP
SUBSTANCE USE PHYSICAL/
PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
SUBSTANCE DEPENDENCE

TOLERANCE
WITHDRAWAL
COMPULSION
 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER-
SUBSTANCE ADDICTION

CHRONIC USE (> 12 MONTHS)

DEPENDENCE
DECREASE PERFORMANCE
 VOLATILE SUBSTANCES

• PAINT AND GLUE

• INHALATION OF SOLVENTS
• RUGBY
• ETHYL ALCOHOL
• NAIL POLISH
• PAINTS
• VARNISH REMOVERS
EFFECTS ON VOLATILE DRUGS:

DAMAGES
• BRAIN
• BONE MARROW
• LIVER
• KIDNEYS
• SUDDEN SNIFFING DEATH SYNDROME
(SSDS)
OPIODS/ NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

DOWNER
FOR SEVERE PAIN
HIGHER DOSES---- RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
OPIODS/ NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

C- CODEINE
H- HEROIN, HYDROMORPHONE
O- OPIUM
M- MORPHINE, MEPERIDINE, METHADONE,
METHOQUALONE
 CNS DEPRESSANTS

CONSTRICTED PUPILS
CONSTIPATION
EUPHORIA
LOSS OF PAIN SENSATION
 HALLUCINOGENS

• PSYCHOTOMIMETICS
• PHENYCYCLIDINE PIPERADINE (PCP)
• ANGEL DUST
• HORSE TRANQUILIZER
• PEACE PILL
 CARDINAL SIGNS

BLANK STARE
ATAXIA
MUSCLE RIGIDITY
NYSTAGMUS
VIOLENCE
COMA
RAVE/TECHNODRUGS/ DATE RAPE
DRUGS

ECSTACY
• MDMA
• (3,4
METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE)
• DOSE: 100-150 mg
 DRUG OF CHOICE

METHADONE (DOLOPHINE) *
COCCAINE OVERDOSE
• SEIZURE AND ARRYTHMIA
SUICIDE
 SUICIDAL CRITERIA

SEX
• MALE (2,500 IN 100,000)
AGE
• ADOLESCENT (15-25 YRS OLD)*
• ELDERLY ( 60 ABOVE)
DEPRESSED
 ANTIDEPRESSANTS

SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI)

• FLUVOXAMINE (LUVOX)
• FLUOXETINE (PROZAC) *
• PAROXETINE (PAXIL)
• SERTRALINE (ZOLOFT)
• CITALOPRAM (CELEXA)
• ESCITALOPRAM (LEXAPRO)
 COMMON S/E OF SSRI:

WEIGHT LOSS
HEADACHE
INSOMNIA
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
Thank You