Signals and Systems

Introduction
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siti Barirah
Ahmad Anas
[barirah@upm.edu.my]
[+60193283656]
 Topics
OUTLINE • Introduction to the course
• Introduction to Signals and Systems

Learning Outcome
• Understand the course structure including
the assessment methods
• Understand the importance of the course
• Understand the fundamental concepts of
signal and system
INTRODUCTION TO
ECC3851/ECC3120
TIMETABLE Lecture
Mon, 11 am - 1 pm, DK8
Thu, 8 am – 9 am, DK7

Consultation
By appointment
REFERENCES
• Books

1. Roberts, M.J., Signals and Systems: Analysis Using Transform Methods and MATLAB®,
McGraw Hill, New York

2. Edward W. Kamen, and Bonnie S. Heck, Fundamentals of Signals and Systems using the
Web and MATLAB®, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007

3. Salivahanan, S., Vallavaraj, V and Gnanapriya, C., Digital Signal Processing, McGraw-
Hill, 2001

4. A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky and S. H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, Int. edition, Pearson,
2014

5. B.P. Lathi, Principles of Linear Systems and Signals, 2nd edition, Oxford, 2009

• Lecture Notes
http://learninghub.upm.edu.my/blastdk/
PUTRABLAST
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, students should
be able to:

• Apply programming languages, the main

components of a computer and characteristics of a
programming language. (PO2/C3)

• Analyse engineering problems using computer

programming. (PO1/C4)

• Demonstrate programming ability using related

software (PO4, PO11/P4,TS)
COURSE OUTCOME

At the end of this course, students should be able to:

• analyse mathematical model for signals and systems in continuous

time and frequency domain(WK, WP, C4)

• evaluate the system model in continuous time and frequency

domain to solve problems related to signals and systems (WK, WP, C5)

• explain various types of signals and systems in continuous time and

frequency domain (A3)
 PROGRAM OUTCOME (ECC3851)

Investigate complex problems using

Apply knowledge of mathematics, research-based knowledge and
Function effectively as an individual,
science, engineering fundamentals research methods including design
and as a member or leader in
and an engineering specialization to and conduct of experiments, analysis
diverse teams and in
the solution of complex engineering and interpretation of data, and
multidisciplinary setting.
problems. synthesis of information to provide
valid conclusions.

PO1 (C) PO4 (C) PO9 (A)

No CO
Assessments Delivery Assessments Delivery Assessments Delivery

Analyse mathematical model for signals

Test 1, Test 2,
1 and systems in time and frequency domain
Final Exam
(WK, WP, C4)
Evaluate the system model in continuous
Lecture, in-class Lecture, in-class
time and frequency domain to solve Lecture, in-class
2 Project Report activities, Project activities, Project
problems related to signals and systems activities
discussions discussions
(WK, WP, C5)
Explain various types of signals and
3 systems in the time and frequency domain Project teamwork
(A3)
PROGRAM OUTCOME (ECC3120)
Communicate effectively
on complex engineering
Create, select and apply
Investigate complex problems activities with the
Apply knowledge of appropriate techniques,
using research-based engineering community
mathematics, science, resources, and modern
knowledge and research and with society at large,
engineering fundamentals engineering and IT tools,
methods including design of such as being able to
and an engineering including prediction and
experiments, analysis and comprehend and write
specialization to the solution modeling, to complex
interpretation of data, and effective report and design
of complex engineering engineering activities, with
synthesis of information to documentation, make
problems. an understanding of the
provide valid conclusions effective presentations,
limitions.
and give and receive clear
instructions.

PO1 (C) PO5 (C) PO6 (P) PO10 (A)

No CO
Assessments Delivery Assessments Delivery Assessments Delivery Assessments Delivery
Analyse mathematical model for
Test 2, Final
1 signals and systems in time and
Exam
frequency domain (C4)

Lecture, in-
Evaluate the model of computer Lecture, in- Lecture, in-
Lecture, in- class
and communication systems in time class class
class activities, Project activities,
2 and frequency domain to solve activities, Project Report activities,
Project Execution Project
problem related to signals and Project Project
discussions discussion
systems (C5, CTPS) discussions discussions
s

Explain various types of signals and

Test 1, Final Project
3 systems in the time and frequency
Exam presentation
domain (A3, CS)
ASSESSMENT

Test 1 : 20%
Test 2 : 20%
Project
Report : 15%
Teamwork : 5%

Final Exam : 40%

Notes: All of you have 100% opportunity
in hand right now. Either you lose it or
you keep it, YOU DECIDE.
COURSE STRUCTURE
INTRODUCTION TO
SIGNALS AND
SYSTEMS
WHAT IS…?

This is what ‘normal people’ see..

This is what we’ll see!

..and more than that!....

SIGNAL DEFINED
Signal:
• A signal is any physical phenomenon which conveys information

Example of signal:
- Human voice
- Lion’s roar
- Sign language
- Voltages on telephone wires
- Variation of light intensity in an optical fiber on computer network
- Noise: random signal but does not carry useful information
TYPE OF SIGNAL

Types of Signals

Time Value

Continuous Discrete Continuous Discrete

Values defined at Values defined at Values defined Values defined at
every instant of time every discrete points anywhere within a discrete sets of
over some time of time and not continuum of values
interval between them allowed values,
either in finite or
infinite extent

Note: Continuum is set of values with no space between the allowed values
TYPE OF SIGNAL
CONVERSION OF SIGNAL TYPES

Sampling

Quantizing

Encoding
APPLICATION
SYSTEM DEFINED
System:
• Systems respond to signals and produce new
signals

• Example of systems:
- Communication system
- Control system
- Measurement system
- Electrical filter
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
RELATIONSHIP

• Excitation signals are applied at system inputs and

response signals are produced at system outputs
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• A communication system has an information
signal plus noise signals
• This is an example of a system that consists of
an interconnection of smaller systems
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION
“SIGNAL” ASCII codes

Sender Recipient

Communication channel
MESSAGE
ENCODED IN ASCII Progressively noisier message

Original message
EXAMPLE

Excitation Input System Output Response

ELECTRICAL
FILTERS
Bit Recovery in a Digital Signal
Using Filtering
Thank you