FEMALE PELVIS

group -1
1. Navya Suragani
2.Venkatesh Annapoorani
3.vinisha yakub jayaseelan
4.Palleti Renuka
5. Thamatam Prathyusha
6. Deepa rawat
7. Seelamneni Anil Kumar
Introduction of
female pelvis to
pelvic ligaments and
joints
Female pelvis
•The pelvis is the lower part of the torso. It’s located between the abdomen and
the legs. This area provides support for the intestines and also contains the
bladder and reproductive organs.

•There are some structural differences between the female and the male pelvis.
Most of these differences involve providing enough space for a baby to develop
and pass through the birth canal of the female pelvis. As a result, the female
pelvis is generally broader and wider than the male pelvis.

3
 Female pelvis ligaments
• Broad ligament

• The broad ligament supports the uterus, fallopian tubes, and

ovaries. It extends to both sides of the pelvic wall.
• The broad ligament can be further divided into three components
that are linked to different parts of the female reproductive organs:

• 1. Mesometrium , which supports the uterus

• 2. Mesovarium, which supports the ovaries
• 3. Mesosalpinx, which supports the fallopian tubes
4
Uterine ligaments
• Uterine ligaments provide additional support for the uterus. Some of the main uterine ligaments
include:
• The round ligament
• Cardinal ligaments
• Pubocervical ligaments
• Uterosacral ligaments
• Ovarian ligaments

• The ovarian ligaments support the ovaries. There are two main ovarian ligaments:
1. The ovarian ligament
2. The suspensory ligament of the ovary
3. The pelvis joints include the pubic symphysis and the lumbosacral, sacroiliac, and sacrococcygeal
joints.
4. The bony pelvis also articulates with the lower limb via the acetabulofemoral, or hip, joint on its
lateral aspect. 5
Muscles of female
pelvis to female
pelvic floor
MUSCLES OF THE FEMALE
PELVIS :

• 1.Levator ani: Supports the pelvic viscera and forms the pelvic floor.

• 2.Coccygeus: it supports the pelvic floor.

• 3.Obturator internus: Helps with external rotation of the hip joint.

• 4.Piriformis: Assists in rotating the hip and turning the leg and foot
outward.
• 5.Iliococcygeus: Part of the levator ani muscle group, supporting the pelvic
viscera.
• 6.Pubococcygeus: it support the pelvic viscera and forming the pelvic floor 7
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS :
• Ovaries: Egg production and hormone secretion.

• Uterus: Pregnancy site; menstrual flow.

• Fallopian Tubes: Egg transport; fertilization site.

• Cervix: Connects uterus to vagina.

• Ovaries: Egg production and hormone secretion.

8
FEMALE PELVIC FLOOR :
• The female pelvic floor is a group of muscles and connective tissues that span the
bottom of the pelvis, supporting pelvic organs such as the bladder, uterus, and
rectum.

• It Controls bowel and bladder functions

• Aids in childbirth

• Essential for urinary and fecal continence

• Influences sexual function

• Importance of pelvic floor exercises for health and function

9
Pelvic viscera
Bladder:
Anatomy:
 Location and Position in the Pelvis: The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity,
anterior to the uterus and superior to the pubic bone.
 Structure:
 Mucosa: Inner lining consisting of transitional epithelium.
 Submucosa: Layer of connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerves.
 Muscularis: Smooth muscle layer responsible for contraction during urination.
 Serosa: Outer layer of connective tissue covering the bladder.
 Function:
 Urine Storage: The bladder stores urine until it is expelled during urination.
 Micturition Reflex: Coordination of bladder contraction and urethral sphincter relaxation to facilitate
urination.
 Clinical Considerations:
 Common Disorders: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), Overactive Bladder (OAB), Interstitial Cystitis
(IC). Diagnostic Techniques: Urinalysis, Cystoscopy, Urodynamic Studies.
11
 Uterus:
Anatomy:
• Position in the Pelvis: The uterus is located in the midline of the pelvic cavity, posterior to
the bladder and anterior to the rectum.
Structure:
• Fundus: Uppermost portion of the uterus.
• Body: Central part of the uterus.
• Cervix: Narrow lower portion of the uterus that extends into the vagina.
Function:
• Reproduction: Site of fertilization, implantation of the embryo, and gestation during
pregnancy.
• Menstrual Cycle Regulation: The uterus undergoes cyclic changes in response to hormonal
fluctuations, leading to menstruation or preparation for pregnancy.
Clinical Considerations:
• Menstrual Disorders: Dysmenorrhea, Menorrhagia.
• Gynecological Conditions: Endometriosis, Uterine Fibroids. 12
 Rectum:
• • Anatomy:
Location in the Pelvis: The rectum is the terminal part of the large intestine, located
posterior to the bladder and uterus and anterior to the sacrum and coccyx.
• • Structure:
Mucosa: Inner lining composed of columnar epithelium.
Submucosa: Layer of connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerves.
Muscularis: Smooth muscle layer responsible for peristalsis during defecation.
Serosa: Outer layer of connective tissue covering the rectum.
• • Function:
Storage of Fecal Material: Temporary storage of waste material before defecation.
Defecation Process: Coordination of rectal contraction and relaxation of anal sphincters
to expel feces.
• • Clinical Considerations:
Common Disorders: Hemorrhoids, Constipation, Rectal Prolapse.
13
Diagnostic Techniques: Digital Rectal Examination, Colonoscopy, Stool Analysis.
Clinical Considerations:

• Common Disorders: Hemorrhoids,

Constipation, Rectal Prolapse.
• Diagnostic Techniques: Digital Rectal
Examination, Colonoscopy, Stool Analysis.
thank you