Mathematics in the Modern World:

Measures of Dispersion
 Measures of
Dispersion
Measures of dispersion are statistics that
describe how spread out or dispersed the
values in a dataset are. Common
measures of dispersion include the range,
variance, and standard deviation.
01
Range
Range
The range is a measure of dispersion that
represents the difference between the largest
and smallest values in a dataset. It gives an
indication of the spread of the data from the
lowest value to the highest value.
Find the Range of the numbers of ounces dispensed by Machine 1 and Machine 2

R=Maximum Value-Minimum Value

Explanation
Machine 1 Machine 2
Machine 1
1 9.52 8.01
R=10.07-5.85
2 6.41 7.99 R=4.22
Machine 2
3 10.07 7.95
R=8.03-7.95
4 5.85 8.03 R=0.08

5 8.15 8.02

6 X=8.0 X=8.0
 02
Variance
Population
σ²= Σ(x - μ)² / n

Variance
Sample Variance is a measure of dispersion
s²= Σ(x - x̄ )² / n-1
that quantifies the spread of a dataset.
It calculates the average of the
squared differences between each data
point and the mean of the dataset.
 03
Standard Deviation
Standard
Deviation
Standard deviation is a measure of
dispersion that quantifies the amount of
variation or dispersion in a set of values. It
indicates how much individual values in a
dataset deviate, on average, from the mean
(average) of the dataset.
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