COLOR SPACE AND COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF ​

DR. MAI KAMAL EL DEN​
BY​: AHMED IBRAHIM SHABAN
OVERVIEW
• color space
• the different color models
• the exact relation or difference between a color model and a color space
• Color Image Processing
• Techniques Used in Color Image Processing
• Applications of Color Image Processing
• Color image processing consists of two parts
• Chromatic light is described by 3 quantities
• Discussion & questions ?
DEFINITION’S OF COLOR SPACE

• color space means the use of a specific color model or system which turns
colors into numbers. each color model is a method of creating many colors
from a group of primary colors.

• Color spaces are different types of color modes. these are used in image
processing , signals and systems for various purposes.
COLOR MODELS
• A color model is a system that helps us to define and describe colors through
numerical values. There are many types of color models that use different
mathematical systems to represent colors, although most color models
typically use a combination of three or four values or color components.
• Some popular color models used across the design industry are:
• RGB (Red, Green, Blue)
• CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black)
• HSI (hue, saturation, intensity)
 HSI COMPONENT IMAGES

R,G,B Hue

intensity
saturation
• Most color models in use today are either based on hardware (color camera,
printer) or on applications involving color manipulation (computer graphics,
animation). •
• In image processing, the hardware based color models mainly used are: RGB,
CMYK, and HSI.
• The RGB (red, green, blue) color system is used mainly in color monitors and
video cameras.
• The CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) color system is used in printing
devices.
• The HSI (hue, saturation, intensity) is based on the way humans describe and
interpret color. It also helps in separating the color and grayscale information in an
image.
WHAT IS THE EXACT RELATION OR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A COLOR MODEL AND A COLOR
SPACE?
• A color model is a method of
describing a color. For example
with Red, Green and Blue (RGB)
elements or with Cyan, Magenta,
Yellow and Black (CMYK).
• A color model is the mathematical
(or computer science) way of
describing colors.
• A color space is the set of colors which
can be displayed or reproduced in a
medium (whether stored, printed or
displayed).
• A color space is the method of mapping
real colors to the color model's discrete
values. sRGB (standard RGB) are color
spaces that both use RGB as model.
DEFINITION’S OF COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING
• In 1666 Newton discovered that a beam of sunlight passed through a prism
will break into a spectrum of colors ranging from violet at one end to red at
the other
• Color spectrum: violet, blue, green yellow, orange, and red. • No color in the
spectrum end abruptly
• color image processing is an essential part of computer vision and image
analysis. It involves the manipulation and enhancement of color images for
various applications such as object detection, segmentation, and recognition.
• Structure of human eye: all colors are seen as variable combinations of 3
primary colors, Red, Green and Blue
• Primary colors can be added to produce secondary colors:
• – Magenta: (red plus blue)
• – Cyan: (green plus blue)
• – Yellow: (red plus green)
• Mixing three primary colors produce white.
• Mixing a secondary color with its opposite primary color produces white
TECHNIQUES USED IN COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING
1.Color Image Segmentation: Color image segmentation is the process of dividing an
image into various regions with similar color properties. This is done by using
various algorithms such as K-means clustering, fuzzy c-means clustering, and
watershed algorithm. It is used in various applications such as object detection, face
recognition, and traffic analysis.
2.Color Image Enhancement: Color image enhancement is the process of improving
the visual quality of an image by adjusting the color balance, brightness, and
contrast. Various techniques such as Histogram Equalization, Contrast Stretching,
and Gamma Correction are used for enhancing color images.
3.Color Image Restoration: Color image restoration is the process of removing noise,
blur, and other distortions from an image. Various techniques such as Wiener Filter,
Kalman Filter, and Total Variation are used for restoring color images.
APPLICATIONS OF COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING
1.Medical Imaging: Color image processing is used in medical imaging for
various purposes such as tumor detection, cell counting, and histology.
2.Remote Sensing: Color image processing is used in remote sensing to
analyze satellite images for various applications such as land use
classification, vegetation analysis, and disaster management.
3.Surveillance: Color image processing is used in surveillance for object
detection, face recognition, and license plate recognition.
4.Entertainment: Color image processing is used in the entertainment industry
for various purposes such as video games, movies, and animations.
• Color image processing consists of two parts: Pseudo-color processing and
Full color processing.
• In pseudo-color processing, (false) colors are assigned to a monochrome
image. For example, objects with different intensity values maybe assigned
different colors, which would enable easy identification/recognition by
humans.
• In full-color processing, images are acquired with full color
sensors/cameras. This has become common in the last decade or so, due to
the easy and cheap availability of color sensors and hardware.
• Achromatic light (without color) is described by intensity (amount)
• Chromatic light is described by 3 quantities:
• 1. Radiance
• 2. Luminance
• 3. Brightness
• Radiance: total amount of energy that flows from the light source
• Luminance: a measure of the amount of energy an observer perceives from a
light source – Infrared source: zero luminance
• Brightness: a subjective quantity
• The characteristics used to distinguish one color from another are:
• Brightness (or value) embodies the chromatic notion of intensity.
• Hue is an attribute associated with the dominant wavelength in a mixture of
light waves. It represents the dominant color as perceived by an observer (ex.
orange, red, violet).
• Saturation refers to the relative purity or the amount of white light mixed with
a hue. Pure colors are fully saturated. Colors such as pink (red + white) and
lavendar (violet + white) are less saturated, with the saturation being inversely
proportional to the amount of white light added.
 DISCUSSION &
QUESTIONS ?
• define Color space and color image processing ?
• What the different color models ?
• what the exact relation or difference between a color model and a color space
Color Image Processing ?
• What is the Techniques Used in Color Image Processing ?
• What is the Applications of Color Image Processing ?
• what is the parts of Color image processing consists of ?
• What is the 3 quantities that described by Chromatic light ?