Relative clauses

Relative clauses (δομή)

This is the dentist who fixed my teeth.

(Αυτός είναι ο οδοντίατρος ο οποίος έφτιαξε τα δόντια μου.)

Κύρια πρόταση Αναφορική πρόταση

 Relative pronouns (Αναφορικές αντωνυμίες)

Relative pronoun Use Example

who Για ανθρώπους This is the man who works at the bank.

which Για πράγματα και ζώα Here is the cat which got into our house last night.

Για ανθρώπους, ζώα και This is the man that works at the bank.
that
πράγματα I bought you the fruit that you like so much.
Για να δείξουμε σε ποιον
whose She is the daughter whose father is a dentist.
ανήκει κάτι

where Για τόπο The kids went to the park which is on Green Street.

when Για χρόνο January is the month when I have my birthday.

 Relative clauses – How to create them?
• Όταν το πρόσωπο είναι στο τέλος της 1ης πρότασης:

This is a girl. She has been working all day.

1) Αφαιρείς το she
2) Αντικαθιστάς με who
she  who ή that (για άτομα) 3) Ενώνεις τις 2 προτάσεις
σε 1
This is a girl who / that has been working all day.

This is a cat. It attacked the neighbor yesterday.

it  which ή that (για ζώα)

This is a cat which/ that attacked the neighbor yesterday.

 Relative clauses – How to create them?
• Όταν το πρόσωπο είναι μέσα στη 1η πρόταση:

she  who ή that (για άτομα)

The woman is happy.
1) Αφαιρείς το she
She won lots of money.
2) Αντικαθιστάς με who
3) Ενώνεις τις 2 προτάσεις
σε 1

The woman (who won lots of money) is happy.

The park  where(για τόπο)

The park is the Hyde Park. There is a live concert playing.

The park where is a live concert playing is the Hyde Park.

 Relative clauses task
Who, which, where, when, whose?

who
Jessica is a doctor ____________ helped lots of Covid patients.
where
This is the village _____________ Andrew used to spend his holidays.
whose
The giraffe is the animal ___________ neck is very long.
whose songs are very popular.
Cynthia is the friend ____________
when
Write down the time ___________ the exam is going to start.
where
This is the school _____________ I had the best teachers.
which
Alice bought a ring ______________ was for her sister’s birthday.
which
The kids played a video game _________ was on my desk.
 Relative clauses task
Make relative clauses.

This is the school. Jessica used to go there.

This is the school where Jessica used to go.
__________________________________________________________________
My sister doesn’t live in Athens. She studies the English language.
My sister who studies the English language doesn’t live in Athens.
__________________________________________________________________
There is the boy. He tried to steal my backpack a week ago.
There is the boy who tried to steal my backpack a week ago.
__________________________________________________________________
Joshua lives in Ontario. He is a firefighter.
Joshua who is a firefighter lives in Ontario.
__________________________________________________________________
Rosie is a successful writer. Her books are popular with teenagers.
Rosie whose books are popular with teenagers is a successful writer.
___________________________________________________________________
 Defining relative clauses
Defining relative clauses (προσδιοριστικές αναφορικές προτάσεις) προσθέτουν σημαντικές
πληροφορίες. Αυτές μας βοηθούν να καταλάβουμε για ποιον ή γιa τι πράγμα μιλάμε.

The mother who is wearing grey trousers

has two
The woman whose top is white
is smiling.
daughters.
 Non-defining relative clauses
 Non-defining relative clauses (μη προσδιοριστικές προτάσεις) προσθέτουν επιπλέον
πληροφορία. Μπορεί να παραληφθεί η επιπλέον πληροφορία. Η επιπλέον πληροφορία χωρίζεται
με κόμματα. Δεν μπορώ να χρησιμοποιήσω το that στη θέση του who ή which.

My sister Jessica , who/that is a university student, This phone , which/that I got on my birthday,
doesn’t live here anymore. takes great photos.
 Relative clauses

Μπορώ να παραλείψω τις The woman (who)

I spoke to last week is my neighbor.
αναφορικές αντωνυμίες
The thing (that)I wanted to talk about is not important now.

Χωρίς το whose η πρόταση δεν βγάζει νόημα

Δεν μπορώ να παραλείψω τις I know a boy whosefather is a doctor.

αναφορικές αντωνυμίες
The bag, whichI bought last week, is very trendy.

Μπροστά έχει κόμμα οπότε δεν μπορεί να αφερεθεί

το which