Training Presentation SW70 - Advanced

SONOTEC
Ultrasonic Solutions – Made in Germany

SONOWALL 70 (1.4.4) – Training Presentation
K. Rostkowski
15.06.2021
Device Front:
1. On/Off button
2. Display
3. Knob
4. Soft Keys
5. Charge LED
Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Device top & bottom, probe connections:
NOTE: micro SD card has to be mounted

Top button upside down (connectors up).
Incorrect mount may lead to device failure
SONO-ID 2x Lemo00
button connectors
Black cable plug Red cable plug Charger socket
NOTE: Incorrect cable connection

may lead to lesser reading stability
and decreased sensitivity of the
probe
Micro SD card
socket
Ventilation:
IP67 protected

Basic Mode
The Basic Mode contains minimal menu entries for inexperienced users to operate the device with minimal
knowledge and can be fully customizable in Expert Mode.
The device always starts in Basic Mode when the license is installed (installed by default)
Changing the modes is done via menu selection „Expert Mode” or ”Basic Mode” in the main menu window.
Initially Expert Mode is password protected with the default password (SONOTEC)
Password can be changed or disabled (no password set) Device Settings> „Set Expert Mode Password”.
While in Expert mode all changes done will correspond to the Basic Mode after switching the mode or device
restart.
To customize the menu for Basic Mode there is a special menu entry in Device Settings> „Setup Basic Mode
Menu”.
In case of password recovery need contact SONOTEC to recieve a special file.

Password protection for Expert Mode
The default password to entry Expert Mode is: „SONOTEC”.

To change that password use entry in Device Settings (only in Expert
Mode): „Set Expert Mode Password“.
Pressing rotary knob will activate new password input window.
When entering the password, all entered characters are visible.
Password verification is requested after confirmation; the password has
to be typed again in next window. If both passwords match the new
password will be set; if passwords don’t match, the change is canceled
and a screen message appears.
Upon successful password set, the window is automatically closed; the
device returns to the measurement screen.
From now on new Password for expert mode is enabled.
It is possible to disable the password by deleting the password; if no
password has been entered and confirmed, the Expert Mode can be
activated without password.
Deleting the license of Basic mode will cause equipment to start always
in Expert mode.
Make sure you have the license copy for future use. Contact SONOTEC
if don‘t.

Emergency Password Recovery Mode
The password can be reset in the password input window

There will be a special Softkey „Reset” visible if the following steps are met:
Contact SONOTEC to obtain a Password recovery file
Copy the file to the mSD card and insert it to the device
Acces the Expert Mode

New start logic
If an incorrect password is entered, a

message would be displayed and the [Turning on]
password can be reentered. The
process can be aborted from this
window. [Mode selection]
In expert mode, all entries are visible Thickness Gauge selected
Basic Mode
Expert Mode starts by selecting a

menu entry
Password input
cancellation
Password input and
confirmation
Password check
right
false
Expert Mode

Basic Mode Configuration
There is a new menu item in the „Device Settings”: „Setup Basic Mode Menu”.
The deactivated menu items are not displayed in the basic mode (empty box).
[Press the rotary knob]: The selection screen should appear (just like when transferring the files) with all
possible menu items (main and submenus arranged hierarchically).
Sub menu present when marked by „+“
+ Test Preparation
Visible in
Long press
Basic Mode
Not visible in
Basic Mode
Short click
Select/deselect
If the menu item has a submenu, a "+" (submenu closed) or "-" (submenu opened) is displayed in
the box in front of it. If not, there is no submenu.
Short knob press to select and deselect the corresponding menu item; if menu item with submenu is
selected/deselected (+), all submenu items are activated or deactivated.
By pressing and holding the knob, submenu opens/closes.
Basic Mode is preconfigured on delivery (to have access to all functions start Expert Mode).
When leaving the window, by pressing SoftKey “OK” the data is automatically saved.
The selection does not affect the expert mode which always have all options on.

Basic Mode: Setups
Loading setups
Data from the loaded setup overwrites the current settings in Basic Mode (even if it was created in
expert mode and the functions are not active in basic mode).
Following Test Options turned Off for Basic Mode will not be loaded from the setup files. For
example: Data Logger, Corrosion Module, Multi-layer measuerments when disabled, the setup that
contains those options will not be loaded.
When loading setups, all the parameters that are not available in Basic Mode would be changed
automatically based on setup parameters.
The Basic Mode is license controlled software option which is installed in all devices for no extra
cost.
If this license is not installed or deleted, the device always starts without password in expert mode.
Basic mode is also considered for skilled distributors who wants to set up the devices for their
customer’s applications and help them in daily life to easy operate the device.

Interface: Main window
Battery indicator Auto Gate on
SD card on
Zoom Auto Range ON
SONO-ID on Rectification: full wave
Freeze Waveform Averaging x2
Rectification: full wave
Backwall Echo
Attenuation off
Gate 1 Gain
Measured ampl.
indicator
Gate 2 A – Scan presentation
Measuring Measuring range end

range start Upper thickness limit
Probe details
Thickness reading
Measuring
mode Lower thickness limit
Measuring values
Context data: object,

tester, location
Configurable soft buttons

Activation / deactivation of the automatic functions
The following Assistance Functions are available:

AutoGate - automatically sets gate position and width in Single Echo and Echo-Echo modes; it is
automatically deactivated when entering multi-layer mode and has to be turned back on manually when
multi layer module is closed.
AutoGain - automatically adjusts the gain so that the detected echo within the gate reaches 60% Full
Screen Height (FSH).
In Single Echo mode: echo in Gate 1 is adjusted.
In Echo-Echo mode the gain is adjusted to the lower echo from both gates
AutoGain is automatically deactivated when entering multi-layer mode and has to be turned back on
manually when multi layer module is closed.
AutoRange - automatically sets the measurement range to 2.5 times the wall thickness in single echo
mode and 4.5 times the wall thickness in Echo-Echo mode, depending on the test mode; is automatically
deactivated when entering multi-layer mode.
Auto-Treshold – automatically improves the Gate 2 detection in E-E mode by lowering the treshold for a
certain ratio compared to echo in Gate 1. Recommended to be always ON. Function is only active in Echo
-Echo mode.
Control of the automatic functions is available in the menu:
Test Preparation> Assistance Functions on the softkeys 1-4
Softkey 1: AutoGate, Softkey 2: AutoGain, Softkey 3: Auto Range, Softkey 4: Auto-Treshold

Alternative, easy function activation (shortcuts) are avilable:

AutoGate: open softkey Gate1 Start or Gate1 Width (works also for Gate2), long press and hold the rotary
knob (> 2s) while SoftKey is open for activation or deactivation of AutoGate .
Note: setting GateStart to

0.0mm will no longer activate
the AutoGate function!
Long press

AutoRange: open the softkey „Measurement Range”, long press and hold pressed the rotary knob (> 2s) for
activating or deactivating AutoRange
Long press

AutoGain: open the softkey „Gain”(Test > Receiver), long press and hold pressed
the rotary knob (> 2s). For activating or deactivating AutoGain or
Press the rotary knob and rotate while pressing left or right for activating or deactivating the AutoGain.
Non soft buttons have to be open.
Note: This operation has to be executed fast before menu pops out.
OR
Press & Rotate
at the same
time <0.5s

Status Display: The state of AutoGate, AutoRange and AutoGain will be displayed
in the status line at the top right of the screen.
A-Gate – Automatic Gate

A-RNG – Automatic Range
A-Gain – Automatic Gain
1x/2x/4x/8x – Averaging multiplier
FW/HW-/HW+/HF - Rectification type
Low/Med/Hi/Max – Automatic PRF

Adjusting the automatic functions
All automatic functions are great when they work properly. There is no possibility to create the automatic
algorithms which are going to work on every possible testing scenario. Therefore additional parameters
controlling those functions were introduced:
Auto Gate Dead Range – so called blanking. Sets the time (starting range) from which Auto Gate will start
looking for echoes. Everything which is before will not be detected by Auto Gate. This can be used to
prevent the Auto Gate to detect the interference signals especially when high gain is used (probe crosstalk,
interface echo, noise, etc.). To adjust it go to: Test Preparation \ Automatic Functions \ Auto Gate Setup
The zone in which Auto Gate is excluded from echo detection is marked by a red mesh and it is
dynamically presented at the time of change on the A-Scan. Echoes which are within the red mesh will not
be detected.
Dead Range set to 3.13us which
Dead Range set to covers almost 10mm
1.4 us which
Visible red mesh on the right side
covers at current
of the A-Scan and the first echo
sound velocity
from 6mm inside which was
approximately
excluded from measurements.
4.5mm.
Auto Gate detected 2nd end 3rd
Visible red mesh echo instead of 1st and 2nd.
on the right side of
This technique can be used to
the A-Scan
improve the reading on low
thicknesses outside the focus
point, where first echos are not
very well separated.

Example of crosstalk elimination in dual element probe at high gain:
In this example Adjusting the

high gain caused Dead Range to
crosstalk signal to cover this signal
be detected (blue will lead to a
gate). Automatic possibility to take
measurements in good automatic
this conditions are measurements.
not possible –
noise is
measured.
AutoHold is active
so last noise
measurement is
presented on the
right picture. Auto
Gate is not
triggered as probe
is uncoupled.

Auto Gain Range – this is a parameter which controls the Auto Gain dynamic range. In many applications
there is a need to limit the Auto Gain dynamics due to the many imperfections (probe, test piece material,
surface quality, etc.).
This parameter when set corresponds to the +- value of the gain range which will be added or deducted to
the base gain. For example, if the base gain is set to 50dB and Auto Gain Range is set to 40dB it means
that the whole dynamic range of the gain control is from 10dB-90dB.
Base gain can be set freely for each probe/application by turning the Auto Gain Off, adjusting the gain to the
desired value and switching Auto Gain On again. Auto Gain will start from the set gain.
It is important to set as much base gain so the amplitude will cross the first gate threshold, from that point it
can adjust itself automatically if the dynamic range doesn’t limit it too much.
When amplitude is too low to trigger the Auto Gate it can be manually added by the knob.
When the base gain is set to high the echoes will overflow the full screen height and would not be detected
correctly. Instead of those echoes some transverse mode conversions would be detected.
Auto Gain finish the adjustment when measured echo is at 60% FSH, in case of E-E mode when the lower
echo from two gates is on 60% FSH.
It is important to optimize the base gain and the Gain dynamics for each application.
Auto Gain Range can be accessed from:
Test Preparation \ Automatic Functions \ Auto Gain Setup – SoftKey1: Auto Gain Range

Auto Gain Range
Base gain from New calculated

which device gain by Auto
starts adjusting. Gain, to reach
After probe 60% FSH of
uncouple device lower amplitude.
reset the gain to In this case
that value. Gate2
It can be changed
by turning the
Auto Gain Off,
adjusting, and
turning Auto Gain
back On.
+- dB value which
is added or
deducted from
base gain

Auto Gain Range

In this example base gain
was set to 35dB which is
not enough for amplitudes
to cross the threshold of the
gate – blue line.
In such a situation Auto
Gain will not trigger itself.
Some Gain needs to be
added manually by turning
the wheel to activate Auto
Gain control or base gain
has to be changed to higher
value.
When we set 6dB auto
Gain Range and set the
gain to 20dB, even if we
add enough gain to cross
the threshold, Auto Gain will
not adjust anything as it will
be already outside the
dynamic range which is
26dB.

Detecting the probe via SONO-ID:
1. Press the probe against 2. When probe is sucesfully 3. Select „FC_TS5i” and
the button on the recognized the following window confirm by select or
housing to detect the will pop up. Choose „Setups“ wheel press
probe
4. Accept automatic delay calibration in following window and

verify the readings on the block.
Important Note:
When switching off the device it saves automatically all the settings so there is no need to repeat
loading the setup everytime the device is turned on.

Selecting the probe from database:
SONOWALL 70 can work with different kind of probes available on the

market which doesn’t have SONO-ID functionality. This includes
SONOTEC’s or 3rd party probes.
There is a probe database containing SONOTEC’s and if introduced

before, operator’s custom or 3rd party probes where the basic settings for
them are saved.
In order to load the probe from database go to: Test Preparation \ Probe
and press the knob to open the database.
From the list select the desired probe and press the knob to activate it.

Adding the probe to database:
SONOWALL 70 database contains only limited number of probes. Operator can add virtually unlimited
number of probes and create basic setup for them. Note: SONOTEC’s probes which device is delivered
with can’t be removed from database.
To add the probe, go to: Test Preparation\ Probe and press the knob to open the database.
When database is opened, press SoftKey1 “New” to introduce the new probe to database.
NOTE: Depends on the chosen mode (Basic or Expert) the probe parameters window will contain full or
limited parameters which are described in next slides:
Set the Parameters as requested and press SoftKey “OK” to save the probe in database.

Probe entry windows Basic / Expert
Expert probe parameter window is often too complicated for less expierienced operators. For simplicity, the
following changes are introduced:
Variant I – Expert mode Variant II – Expert mode Variant III – Basic mode
Zero In Air Zero On Block Zero On Block, In Air analogic to V1
NOTE: following pre

Zeroying On Air Zeroying On Block Zeroying On Block
settings are made for
basic mode:
Probe Type Dual Elem. Probe Type Dual Elem. Probe Type Dual Elem.
1. Filter automatically
Frequency 2 MHz
matching the probe
frequency
2. Polarity – auto set
Zero Calib. Start 2.00 us Polarity Mode Positive Polarity Mode Positive to positive
3. Damping auto set
to 50 Ohm

New probe parameters window (Basic Mode):
- Probe name: Enter the name of the probe which will be visible on the list (describe the probe as accurate as you
can for future reference).
- Delay Time: Probe delay, can be entered manually or if left at zero it must be calculated by performing calibration
(Probe Zero or Two-point calibration).
- Zeroing (On Air): Type of probe delay estimation. “On Air” is an automatic functions designed for dual element and
single element delay line probes. It uses crosstalk between elements or reflection from the end of the delay line to
calculate the zero point of the probe. There might be dual element probes on the market which doesn’t calibrate on air
correctly (due to the special design or quality), therefore it is advised to perform on block calibration in such a cases.
Two additional parameters needs to be set for that mode:
a. Zero Dead Range (us) – sets time of measurement start to avoid initial impulse
measurement. If set too low the initial impulse would be measured instead of delay signal.
NOTE: Recommended at least 2us. Start has to be set before actual delay of the probe (for example if probe has 9us
delay, the Zero Dead Range can’t be set to 9,5us it should be below 9us).
b. Zero Calibration Range (us) – sets the time for end of the measurement. It has to be set more than
actual probe delay. In our example more than 9us.
- Zeroing (On Block): Type of the delay estimation which requires a test block to perform it (minimum 8mm thick).
When this parameter is set “Probe Zero” calibration turns to manual mode. Prior to activating it, operator has to set
sound velocity and thickness of the block. Then, activate the function, couple the probe to the test block, obtain a
stable reading and finish the calibration. This kind of delay estimation can be used with every probes. Especially when
“On Air” doesn’t calculate the delay properly.
- Probe Type: sets the transmitter of the device for the type of the probe. In case of wrong selection there might be
unwanted signals or not any signal visible on A-Scan window.
- Frequency: sets device for nominal frequency of the probe. When wrong selected amplitude of the signal would not
be optimal.

New probe parameters window (Expert Mode):
Expert mode contains three more parameters for the probes which can be set and could possibly improve the probe
performance.
- Damping: sets the transmitter damping to match the probe damping. The impedance of the probe and the
transmitter should be equal for maximum electrical performance. When there is a significant mismatch the amplitude
height/width is not optimal. It can be checked on a test block at what setting the amplitude is better. In Basic mode as
default it is set to 50 Ohm.
- Filter: sets the receiver anti-noise filter for the selected probe. In Basic Mode filter is automatically set to match the
frequency of the probe (narrowband filter). In some applications/ special probes it might be necessary to use more
wider bandwidth so it might be changed there.
- Polarity: polarity is a parameter for amplitude measurement detection point in zero crossing method. It is used only
when zero crossing is used. If polarity positive is set, the detection of amplitudes is based on negative impulse swings
(half wave negative signals). If it is set to negative, only half wave positive part of the signal is evaluated and
measurement is done based on that. This parameter helps to obtain more stable measurements (without jumps) when
the probe swings (positive and negative) are close to equal. Depends on the probe build and material tested there
might be situations where probe has stronger negative phase, stronger positive phase or almost equal. It is advised to
set this parameter for the strongest phase to obtain the most accurate and stable measurements.

Optimizing SW70 for measuerments:
SONOWALL 70 is a universal thickness measurement device but majority of typical applications covers relatively thin
carbon steel measurements. Therefore the device might require tuning of parameters to be able to meet the
application specific tasks.
Some of the parameters which can be adjusted to improve the echo response (obtain an echo from the actual
measurement piece and try changing following parameters):
a. Transmitter:
- Voltage: can be set from 50-400V and it is directly connected with the energy transmitted to the probe.
The more we set the the higher should be the echo response unless we reach the probe or transmitter limit. The
point to set would be when echo is at maximum height and doesn’t go up anymore.
NOTE: some high frequency probes available on the market works only with limited voltage. When that probe would
be connected to the device which is set to 400V it might irreversibly damage the probe. Always check the maximum
probe parameter from the datasheet and device setting to avoid such a situations. All SONOTEC’s probes can work
with 400V voltage.
b. Damping:
- There are two settings for the damping of the transmitter. 50 or 400Ohm. It needs to be checked in the
probe datasheet what is the damping of the probe and set the closest impedance in the device. Switching it
when echo is visible will cause amplitude to change. Set the optimum damping considering your application.
Echo height vs. echo width preference.
c. Pulse width:
- By changing the pulse width we are changing the transmitting impulse duration time. Changing that time
directly influence the crystal excitation and therefore directly affecting the amplitude response from a
test object. Every single probe will have slightly different window for optimal settings. Adjusting it might bring few dB
change in signal height. Setting too much will cause the amplitude to drop and even to create more
unwanted mode converted signals.

d. Averaging:
- is an receiver option to reduce random noise. By averaging x times device compare x consecutive
A-Scans and when the echoes are not at the same position (noise appears randomly while echo from
indication always stays at the same position) device filters it out.
Note: This option reduces also the measurement rate. Depends on averaging multiplayer (x2 – x8) it slows down the
rate from 2-8 times as it creates one image based on number of incoming A-Scans. X1 means that signal is not
averaged.
e. Measuring Gate(s):
- In automatic mode Gates are controlled by the device itself. Width and start is self adjusting to the echo
response on the A-Scan but there is one parameter of the gate which may influence the measurement
accuracy. It is a gate height (level/treshold). Most of the time the echo response from the object is not straight,
vertical line, but it has triangle shape where we can specify two flanks (rising and falling flank). Depends how
we set up the Gate level (threshold), gate crosses the amplitude in certain point of rising flank. If we set the gate
too high we miss the very beginning of the flank and therefore the detection point will have the offset of
one swing (phase). This might not be an error unless we were calibrating on the same part of the amplitude (phase)
during calibration, which is highly unlikely. Calibration and measurement taken has to be focused on first
well defined flank (as it is relatively easy condition to keep the same for different thicknesses).
The threshold shouldn’t be too low as there might be some surface interference signals or high noise which will be
detected instead.
f. Auto Gate(s) Dead Range:
- lowering the gate level (threshold) may lead to situations where Auto Gate detects noise instead of real
signal. If this is a case we have a possibility to adjust the dead range for Auto Gate amplitude detection.
By changing the dead range from 0us a red mesh becomes to be visible on A-Scan which marks the zone
which auto Gate will not detect. This mesh should cover all unwanted signals so the proper measurement
can be done. NOTE: Make sure the mesh doesn’t cover minimum range expected as it will not be detected.

g. AutoGain Range:
- one of the SW70 automatic function is Auto Gain. It works in this manner that when Auto Gate detects
the signal it is amplified or reduced to a certain level (60% FSH) to have exactly the same conditions for each
measurements. It increases the accuracy and avoids mistakes compare to manual mode.
However the gain due to the different performance of the probes and other factors (general sensitivity,
initial impulse width and height, crosstalk, surface condition, noise, etc.) also have optimal range window
and has to be limited from its 110dB range to avoid unwanted signals to be measured.
By adjusting this parameter +- dB range from reference gain (starting gain) is adjusted. For example when
our starting gain is 50dB and AutoGain range is set to 6dB our total gain range is 44-56dB.
NOTE: Make sure that 50dB is enough for the Auto Gate threshold (level) to detect the signal. If the amplitude is
below gate level at 50dB there would be no measurement. Manual adjustment of the gain (adding the gain by rotating
the knob) or changing the reference (start) gain or changing the gate level would be necessary.
NOTE: Reference gain shouldn’t be set to high as it will cause AutoGate to detect some mode converted signals,
parts of the rising and falling flanks of the amplitude or noise.
As default AutoGain range is set to +-40dB and the reference gain at least at 50dB.
h. Auto Treshold:
- it is a functionality for the second gate detection so it is active only in Echo-Echo mode. It helps to detect
the amplitudes within second gate which are below gate level while first echo is set to 60% and normally
wouldn’t be detected. Recommended to be always on for E-E mode.

Waveform Averaging
Waveform averaging – waveform averaging is a mathematical function that computes the average of a
sequence of waveforms. This is useful for removing random noise from a signal.
There are several settings for averaging:
1x meaning that averaging is OFF
2x - software computes 2 consecutive images and remove the noise
Signal averaging causes measuring rate to drop as software is computing “x” number of A-Scans images.
The higher the averaging multiplier the bigger the noise reduction and bigger measurement rate drop.
Very useful feature when high gain is used which causes higher random noise.

Waveform Averaging
Operation: to turn averaging on go to “Test” > “Receiver” > (SoftKey2) “Averaging”. Change the multiplier factor
to achieve desired noise reduction.
Below you can see the example of random noise reduction using different multipliers at 110dB amplification:

Extended Accuracy Mode
Extended Accuracy Mode: To activate it go to:

The software option allows user to display the Test \ Display Precission \ SoftKey1 – Disp.
readings in 3 decimal places (metric) and 4 Precision
decimal places in inches scale. Set the number of digits you require
There is a special algorithm used to make those
readings very stable.
Function is especially useful for laboratory
purposes where high productivity of
measurements is expected.
High productivity could be achieved only due to
the extreme control over the rest of the factors
influencing the measurement (coupling, probe
pressure, placement, etc.)

Test Object: Setting the testing limits (Alarm)
Setting the alarm helps operator to evaluate the readings
much faster and easier in many applications. There are few
important settings to be considered:
1. Nominal value – nominal value of the testing element-

This value is used for wall loss calculation (WL and WL%)
values which can be set as measurement values in the main
screen.
2. Upper limit – value above which the result is not
acceptable
3. Lower limit – value below which the result is not
acceptable
4. Alarm – warning function when the results falls outside
the limits. Can be “Optical” – reading turns red when outside
the limits, “Acustical” – sound warning when outside the
limits or both.
In order to start the function go to:
1. Test preparation \ Test Object \ Test Object Limits

2. Set the limits according your test requirements
3. If necessary, turn the alarm by switching to one of
the avilable option: Optical, Acoustical or both

Test Mode: Single-Echo and Echo-Echo
There are two basic operation modes of the device:
Single-Echo and Echo-Echo.
Single Echo modes uses only one backwall reflection echo to
calculate the thickness. In this method materials without coating are
measured accurately. This method is preffered when we deal with
low signal and second backwall reflection is not possible to obtain
(heavy corrosion, attenuative material, etc.)
Echo-Echo mode uses two consecutive backwall echoes to
calculate the thickness. In this mode materials with or without
coating can be measured. This method is considered to be more
accurate especially with dual element probes (less impact on V-path
error) and when possible it should be used as first.
To activate one of the above modes, go to:

1.Test preparation\ Test Mode
2. Select and press the knob to activate desired mode.
NOTE: both measuerments modes operate with Auto-Gate function

which can be set in Assistance options.
NOTE: in Echo-Echo mode manual mode there is a special button to

select the gate: GETE SELECT

Probe Zero On Air:
Probe zero is an automatic or semi automatic function to estimate probe delay. Depends on the method
selected in probe settings (On Air or On Block) it is performed slightly diferent (fully automatic or semi
automatic).
This function compensates the time between initial impulse of the device to the end of the probe (face) so the
measurements can be calculated from the surface to the bottom of the tested material.
Performing Probe Zero On Air – (recommended for dual element probes and single element delay lines probes),
echo-echo, full automatic mode:
In case of On Air zeroing function automatically detects the correct echo

and sets the probe dalay. No operator imput is necessary beside correctly
entered Zero Dead Range and Zero Calibration Range in probe parameters.
After finishing a message is displayed: „Probe zero set.“
If error message occur please change parameters or use On Block Zeroing

Probe Zero On Block:
On Block probe zero is recommended for single element probes without delay line and when On Air zeroing
doesn‘t work properly. It requires a test block of a know thickness and known sound velocity. Due to the V-Path
error which may influence the zero estimaton it is recommended to perform on a block of minimum 8mm
thickness.
Performing Probe Zero on Air – point calibration (echo-echo, automatic mode):
The more acurate sound velocity we enter

the better would be the accuracy of zero.
However the changes within +-100 m/s 10.
produce unsignificant error.

Two – point calibration (echo-echo, automatic mode):
1. Factory setup for TS5i probe includes two-point calibration in echo-echo mode on a steel block 2-10mm.
2. Probes delivered witch each devices are slightly different and measuring range also could be diffrent,
therfore it is advised to perform your own calibration if the results on factory one are not satisfactory.
3. To increase the accuracy of your measuerments perform the calibration the closest to your actual
measuerment range.
Performing Two – point calibration (echo-echo, automatic mode):

Performing Two – point calibration (E-E, automatic mode):
After finishing
delay
calibration
couple the
probe to the
first reference
point on the
step block –
4mm step
After pressing next

couple the probe to
the seccond
Calibration is finished. New sound velocity and probe reference point on
delay is calculated. Please verify the readings before the block – 8mm
inspecting the test object. step
NOTE: Please cross check the middle of the calibration
range as the error expected there is the biggest.
NOTE: Remember that accuracy outside the calibration
range might be significantly worse.
Saving the calibration
After succesfull calibration it is convienient to

save it to the memory of the gage for future
use.
• To save it go to: Storage > Setup > Save

and press the knob to proceed
• Enter the name of the calibration file and
press „OK” to save it
• To load the calibration use SONO-ID (slide

No. 5) to detect the probe and then on the
left bottom corner there would be „Setups”
button with saved calibrations to choose
• If the probe doesn’t have SONO-ID go to:

Storage > Setup > Manage to open the
window with all calibrations and choose
the proper one to load by scrolling to it and
pressing the knob
Important Note:
In our calibration the name should be
„TS5i 4-8mm”

SONOGRID General
Optional software for SONOWALL 70 thickness gauge,
It reflects the industry need of easy data collection, management and reporting,
Due to selectable 1D, 2D and 3D structure and microgrids it is dedicated to virtually all
thickness surveys,
Rich data model allows an operator to report all thickness relevant settings for each
measurement point,
Live comparison of previously taken measurement
Easy reporting with pre configured, linked and structured Excel file (*.xlsx)
Access to the raw data for integration with external management software (*.db file)

SONOGRID Performance
Possibility to log 100 000 points for each measurement file.
Automatic, manual or on alarm A-Scan logging,
Alarm based color coded cells: green – within a limit, red – outside the limit
Attachments for each point: A-Scan, B-Scan, Comments and Microgrid,
Statistics for measurement file,
Grid copy function with possibility to edit its parameters,
Export of up to 3 user selected values for each point,
Batch Exporting for multiple files export at once,
Comments databases for easy comment assignment (to points, calibration or file)

SONOGRID switch ON
Module SONOGRID is available in Expert Mode

Please switch to Expert Mode
to be able to see the menu entry „SONOGRID“

SONOGRID measurement window
Activating SONOGRID will automatically open „File Manager

window“
List of existing files is shown
Soft Keys:
SK1 – opens file creation window to create a new meas. file
SK2 – opens batch exporting window to select files for Excel
export
SK3 – opens batch exporting window to select files for CSV file
export
SK4 – closes the file manager without any action
In case no file is selected („Close“ chosen) the module opens

without any grid loaded. To load a file go to: SONOGRID\File
Manager.

SONOGRID Actions on existing files
Load: Load previously saved measurement file

Copy: Opens window to edit file parameters of copied file
Comp. Copy: Opens window to edit parameters of comparison file
to existing file
Delete: Deletes the existing file
Export: Opens window for Excel export setup
Cancel: Cancel action

SONOGRID Creating a new file 1
Name: opens a text entry window for name change
Grid Type: Selection of a grid type:
1D: measurements are logged linear,
2D: measurements are logged in 2 dimensional grid (x,y),
3D: measurements are logged in 3 dimensional grid (x,y,z),
X Limit: Number of readings for X axis,
X Label: Name of the X axis (limited to 3 signs),
Y Limit: Number of readings for Y axis,
Y Label: Name of the Y axis (limited to 3 signs),
Z Limit: Number of readings for Z axis,
Z Label: Name of the Z axis (limited to 3 signs),
Note: it is possible to set undefined number of readings to
any axis (X,Y or Z by turning the knob left when 1 is
displayed. Infinite symbol will be displayed.
Undefined grid will be created with no limit to the readings
in each axis. You can set the limit while collecting the
measurements by pressing soft key: „End Section“.
NOTE: Tester: Opens text entry window to enter a text,
Limits X*Y*Z can`t Location: Opens text entry window to enter a text,
exceed 100 000
SONOGRID Creating a new file 2
Measurement Context: opens a text entry window,

Overwrite Protection:
Warn: displays a warning message with yes or no selection
when attempting to overwrite the point
On: protects the all points from overwriting,
Off: protection is off, all points can be overwritten without
warning
A-Scan Record Mode: defines the condition for logging A-
Scans
Auto: A-Scans are automatically logged together with
thickness reading for all measurement points (ugrid points
too)
By User: A-Scans are logged by pressing „A-Scan“ soft key
by the user in measurement screen
By Alarm: A-Scans are logged automatically when logged
reading is outside the set limits (Alarm)
M1-M3: additional measurement values which are exported
to report (Excel or CSV).

SONOGRID measurement window (Soft keys)
SK1: cursor movement SK1: switches between alternative views

direction change SK2: opens micro grid setup window to
(next two keys: left, right or add a micro grid for selected point
up, down) SK3: opens a comment database to add
SK2: depends on SK1 a comment to selected point
selection: left or up SK4: soft keys set switch
SK3: depends on SK1
selection: right or down
SK4: soft keys set switch
SK1: closes the measurement file
SK2: finish the section when the
undefined grid was selected
SK1: knob navigation switch: SK4: soft keys set switch
activates/deactivates
navigation by knob
SK2: A-Scan logging
SK3: opens B-Scan setup
window to record B-Scan for
the selected point
SK4: soft keys set switch

SONOGRID Measurement options
General Comment: opens comment

database for comments dedicated to the
measuring file
Auto-Advance: defines how cursor moves
within a grid
SK1: switches auto advance On/Off
SK2: sets direction for A. advancement
(forward, backward)
SK3: sets alternation for the movement
Statistics: generate and display the
statistics for all measurements within the
file
Excel Export: Opens Excel export setup
SK1: defines the conditions for logging window
A-Scans CSV Export: Open CSV export setup
SK2: sets the overwrite protection window
conditions

SONOGRID Comments databases
Note: There are 3 databases in the
SONOGRID with separate comments list.
All databases works the same way.
1. Measurement Point comments –
access by „Comment“ soft key in
measurement window
2. General comments for entire file –
access by SONOGRID\Measurement\
General Comment
3. Calibration comments – access by Test
Preparation\Calibration\Calibration
Comments
Select: add selected comment to the
SK1: opens a new text entry window measurement point
to enter a new comment Edit: edit the currently selected comment
SK4: closes the database without any Delete: delete selected comment
changes Cancel: closes the window without any
changes
SONOGRID Comparison Copy
Comparison Copy is a special mode where direct comparison of selected point to the previously
logged point is possible. You can compare the current measurements based on file which was
created before. This helps to immediately see the corrosion/erosion progress.
Select the file and
press the knob to Values from M1-M3 would be
activate action menu automatically set to:
C-Th: old thickness value
(visible only at the time of taking
readings)
C-WL: wall loss compared to the
old value
WL: wall loss compared to
actual set limits
Note: that new grid will

be created based on
old grid parameters
SONOGRID Comparison Copy Example
C-Th: thickness value from the
old grid (grid we made
comparison copy from)
C-WL: current thickness reading
compared to the old thickness
reading (9,92 – 25,1 = - 15,18)
WL: current thickness reading
compared to nominal value in
this case 20mm is set (9,92 – 20
= -10,08)
NOTE:
Old values are only visible when the probe is
coupled to a test piece and reading is obtained.

SONOGRID View mode
View mode is automatically
switch on when cursor is moved
to already logged point.
View mode is indicated by an
eye icon on the A-Scan area
and next to the thickness
reading.
To exit the view mode one short
knob press is needed
It is not possible to enter the
menu in this mode (by long
NOTE: pressing the knob). To do so first
Old values are only visible when the probe is close the view by short press
coupled to a test piece and reading is obtained. then activate the menu by long
press of a knob.
If the cell was empty in old grid no comparison Crossed grid cell „X“ indicates
data is avilable obstruction (measurement not
possible to take).
To mark a cell as obstructed
press the Ultrasonic
knob shortly
Solutions I Made in Germany
SONOGRID new icons
Icon in the left upper corner of
the grid indicates that knob is
switched to navigation mode. It
moves the cursor within the cells
instead changing the gain.
Following soft key activates or
deactivates it:
On the left side of the
information bar there is an
information what attachments
are saved for the selected point
NOTE: (flags):
Old values are only visible when the probe is A – A-Scan
coupled to a test piece and reading is obtained. B – B-Scan
# - micro Grid
* - comment
< - reading below the limit
> - reading above the limit

SONOGRID adding attachments
A- Scan: automatically or manual
automatically when reading is logged (when A-Scan Record
Mode is set to „Auto“
(SONOGRID\Measurement\Soft Key 1)
automatically when below\above limit (when „On Alarm“ is
set)
manually (when „By User“ is set)
To log an A-Scan (always together with thickness reading)
press the „A-Scan“ soft key while in measurement view
B-Scan: manual
B-Scans can be added by pressing „B-Scan“ soft key
Grid view will switch to B-Scan view with corresponding soft
keys
Perform the B-Scan and save it by pressing „Save“ on last
set of the soft keys
When saved device will automatically display the grid view
again
NOTE:
Attachments can`t be added to an empty cell,
Attachments can be added to obstructed cell
SONOGRID adding attachments
u- Grid: manual
to add micro grid press „u-Grid“ soft key
Setup window will pop up (set the u-Grid size)
Press „Ok“ soft key below
Log the measurements
Press „u-Grid“ soft key to save the micro grid and come back
to grid view
Comment: manual
To add the comment press „Comment“ soft key
Comment database will pop up,
Create your own entry (by pressing „New“) or use existing
one (by pressing the knob while selected and choosing
„Select“ in following window
It is possible to modify or delete existing comment by short
knob press while comment is selected and choose „Edit“ or
„Delete“ action.

SONOGRID managing the attachments
When attachments are saved for the
logged point following actions are
possible:
View
Overwrite
Delete
To use one of above functionality press
corresponding to the attachment soft
key to open action window.
When the measurement point is
overwritten attachments beside the A-
Scan are not. They need to be
manually removed if they are no longer
valid.

SONOGRID Excel export (single file)
Excel export can be triggered from: By pressing the knob operator selects the
SONOGRID\Measurement\Excel Export required attachments to be exported to the
excel report:
A-Scans: logged A-
Scans
B-Scans: saved B-
Scans
u-Grids: saved micro
Grids
M1-M3: additional
values selected
Setup: Setup settings
for every point of
measurement
SK1: create the
excel report file from
selected Press „Export“ to proceed
measurement(s)
file(s)
SK4: closes the
window without any
changes Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany
SONOGRID Excel Export
In the next window general comments can be add (database
window pops up)
Press „Close“ when ready
Exporting takes place and files are created in internal memory of
the device
To copy the files into external mSD card go to:
„Storage\Transfer\Internal – External“ and choose SONOGRID
files
There are two file types created: *.xlsx (Excel file) and *.db (raw
SQL database file)

Cell description
Have you ever had a problem to corelate your measurement point on your asset with a
point on the grid?

Cell description
Not a problem anymore!

Cell description allows to name every cell and display it when you place the cursor in it.
Together with database import/export functionality all grid descriptions could be edited
on PC and loaded in SW70.

SONOGRID database import
Q: Would you like to edit your database on PC before inspection and open it in SW70?
A: Not a problem anymore!
Create a folder on your mSD card :\wtg\data\corrosion_module_imports
Place your database file there (*.db file)

To assure database compatibility please create and export databases which were created on SW70
Use transfer „External -> Internal“ function to copy SONOGRID database to internal
memory
Open it in SONOGRID file manager and collect the data!

Database population
It is strongly advised to create a database on SW70 for further editing on PC
SW70 doesn´t create all cells at the time of file creation but adds points when they are collected (for
memory saving reasons)
That means that when the file is created it doesn`t contain any measurement cells.
To create a full empty grid there is a special function in device menu: „Prefill
Measurement Points“
Only empty (without any measurements) grids can be populated with this function
This function automatically creates all the cells which then are ready for editing
SONOTEC recommends: DB Browser for SQLite – 3rd party software for editing

Test Options: V-Path error correction
Dual element probes are consisting of two piezoelectric crystals separated by acoustic barier – transmitting
and receiving one. In order to increase the probe sensitivity, and focus it to a certain depth, elements are
placed inside the probe in certain angle – roof angle. This creates an effect of V shape ultrasonic beam which
propagates in the material. This V shape beam propagates not exactly paralel to the surface therfore an error
is introduced to the measurement. Mainly in low thicknesses.
Two point calibration in relatively short range compensates this error good enough but the problem araise
when for some reasons it is not possible to do two point calibration.
V-Path Error Correction extends the accuracy of the measuerment by reducing the
error occured due to roof angle of the dual element probes.
It is not meant to work with single element probes as the beam shape of this probe is
parallel to the surface.
To assure the proper use of this function calibration has to be done before performing
it.
NOTE: It is important to set the correct sound velocity of the test block which is used to
perform V-Path correction function.
1. To use this function go to:

Test Preparation \ Test Options \ V-Path Error Correction \ New V-Path Correction curve
2. Use Ref. Sound Velocity to set the sound velocity of the block
3. Activate the function by pressing the knob.

Test Options: V-Path error correction
4. Place the probe on first step of the block (in our case
2.50 mm)
5. Make sure the echo is correctly read by the gate.
6. Click the knob to save the value
7. Correct the value to 2.50 mm by turning the wheel
8. Click the wheel again to save the corrected value
9. Click Close to save the curve and automatically

activate it.
After activating the function below icon will apear:
Deactivate V-Path Correction – turns OFF the function

Activate V-Path Correction – turns ON the function
New V-Path Correction Curve – creates new V-Path
curve
Delete V-Path Correction Curve – deletes the curve from
memory of the device
Test Options: Data Logger
Select and press the knob on your created file to
Data logger function allows operator to save the open it.
thickness reading by short pressing the knob to the file
created before. Readings are saved one by one (linear). Choose „Measure”
To create the file go to:
Test Preparation > Test Options > Data Logger
and press the knob to open it. Data logger function
Data logger window will pop up: will start.
Since now short
pressing the knob will
save the
measurement.
*Together with the

value whole
screenshot of the
screen is saved
together with A-Scan.
*To export Datta logger file proceed as

described in Corrosion module data transfer
and Excel import.
Click „New” to create the file Enter the Name and confirm „OK”
Test Options: Time encoded B-Scan
2. Set the Duration and Sampling for your Scan

Time Encoded B – Scan feature is optional and display
cross section view of the measured point.
It is possible to move the probe over a test area and
record continous cross section B-Scan which will look
like below: Duration set the time for recording single
B-Scan image from 1-120s.
Sampling define how often single

measuerment is taken and image is
ploted: 0,1 – 1s
3. To activate click on it and press the „Start Scan”
button on the left bottom of the screen – first image.
To exit the feature click „Done”.
1. To open the feature go to:

Test Preparation > Test Options > Time Encoded B-Scan.
When „Time Encoded B-Scan” is selected following soft
buttons appear on the bottom of the screen:

Test Options: Multi – Layer Measurement
Multi - Layer test option is a special mode of measuring thickness where the operator is able to measure thickness of
each layer separately and the total thickness is calculated. Materials which consist of up to 4 different layers
(difference in sound velocity) can be measured precisely.
If we con-sider a material which has at least two different layers, in normal thickness mode only one sound velocity
would be used to calculate the thickness and the error will occur. For example paint (2mm) on steel (10mm): paint
usually has less than 2500m/s velocity and steel has 5940m/s – factor 2,4. Using sound velocity of steel for that
measurement (5940m/s) going through the paint instead of 2mm we measure 4,8mm (error in paint) plus 10mm of
steel, so total 14,8mm instead of 12mm.
It is important to mention that for the Multi-Layer measurement device have to be able to display the signal from each
layer with a nice quality and separation, which is not that easy.
Proper probe and device settings have to be used.
The Layers have to be significantly different in acoustic impedance so the reflection may occur. If not, the amount of
reflected signal will not be enough to proper measure it. If the acoustic impedance is very big it will cause almost total
reflection from the first layer and measurement will not be possible too.
To start the Multi-Layer option (only available in Expert mode), go to:

Test Preparation\Test Options\ Multi-Layer Measuerment\Configuration and press the knob to start configure the
module.
Number of Layers: enter the total number of layers of that material (layers of the same material are treated as 1)
Layer x Sound velocity – set the sound velocity of each layer starting from top one (it is crucial)

Test Options: Multi – Layer Measurement
When the device is configured please go to:

Test Preparation\Test Options\ Multi-Layer Measuerment\Start Multi-Layer Measurement and start by pressing the
knob
NOTE: Multi Layer module works only in full manual mode so all the automatic functions are disabled when started.
There is a need to switch them back on manually after closing the module in order to use them.
NOTE: Gates which are used in that mode are different than normal measuerment gates. They are called Lx and can
be controlled only from Multi-Layer module menu.
NOTE: Gate L2 can‘t overlap or be set before L1 to prevent proper layer measurements.
NOTE: Proper calibration of probe delay has to be done before measurement
1. Place the probe on a test object and recognize the echoes from each layer.
2. Place L1 gate over first layer backwall amplitude.
3. Use Gate Selection Soft Key to switch to second gate – L2
4. Place L2 Gate on second layer backwall reflection. If you have more layers continue the same with Gates 3 and 4.
5. The measuerment for each layer is displayed as L1 and L2 value and the total sum at the bottom.
In next slide you can find the measurements using TXS7,5i probe made on 8mm steel block with different coating
thicknesses (aproximately 1,2mm and 3,3mm).

Test Options: Multi – Layer Measurement - Example

Test Options: Temperature compensation
Sound velocity of the material changes with significant change of temperature. In elevated temperature sound
propagates faster and when it gets low it is slower. It is important to calibrate and measure the material of the same
temperature to be accurate. In industrial environment it is very difficult to maintain this requirement because if the
specimen is hot, the calibration block should also be heated to the same temperature. If this is not a case the error
occurs. In order to take more precise measurements in such a situations, temperature compensation of the sound
velocity is needed. This software function compensates the temperature changes between the calibration piece and
measured element.
1. Using this function operator can calibrate on the block with room temperature (or any other).
2. Go to the Temperature compensation function and enter calibration and measurement temperatures.
NOTE: Temperatures has to be measured by external device.
NOTE: Standard probes have temperature working range from -20 to +60 Celsius degrees. If the surface temperature
exceed this range, a high temperature probe is needed.
3. Set the Temperature coeficient (default coeficient of 181.8 ppm/K is meant for steel and longitudinal wave only)
NOTE: The coefficient used as default (181.8 ppm/K ) allows to compensate the temperature only in steel by using
longitudinal wave probes (normal single or dual element probes). For angle beam probes the cooeficient is going to
be different, same for other materials than steel.
4. Turn the compensation On and start taking compensated measurements.

Test Options: Temperature Compensation
To activate the function go to:
Test Preparation \ Test Options \ Temperature Compensation
Set the temperature of calibration block using
soft button on the bottom
Set the temperature of the measuerment

using soft button on the bottom
Set the temperature coeficient using soft

button on the bottom
Activate the function by selecting the soft button

on the bottom and turning the knob to set it „On”
* Coefficient stated there is good for
longitudinal wave in steel. Angle beam probes
or diffrent materials will require diffrent
coeficient to be used

Test Options: Sound Velocity Measuerements
Sound velocity software option is a way to obtain measuerment of

sound velocity directly instead of the thickness measuerment.
NOTE: In order to be able to do so, a proper calibration of the material

and probe is needed.
In second step operator has to enter the refference thickness of the

material and the result of the measuerment will be displayed as sound
velocity value (m/s or in/us)
1. To activate it go to: Test Preparation > Test Options > Sound

Velocity Measurement
2. Press the knob while it is selected to start.
3. Enter the thickness of the measured point by pressing „Reference
Thickness” button
To exit the function click „Done”.

Other Options: Auto Hold
Auto Hold is an standard software test mode option which saves the last reading on the screen after the probe is
uncoupled.
It helps the operator to read the last reading for example if the equipment is put back and the reading was not
remembered (often useful when readings are written on a pice of paper).
This last reading is displayed as a hollow font and it stays there until next proper measurement is taken.
To activate the function go to: Test Preparation \ Test Mode – SoftKey2: Auto Hold (On \ Off)
Probe coupled Probe

to a test pice – uncoupled
visible signal from a test
on the A-Scan pice – no
and reading is visible signal
displayed as on the A-Scan
filled font. and reading is
displayed as
hollow font.

Flaw Detector Functionalities

SONOWALL 70 (1.4.0) – angle beam probes
calibration for flaw detector mode

Choosing a probe from the database:
1. Press the knob (0.5s) to activate Menu
2. Go to: Test preparation \ Probe: select WS 70-4 (8x9; 70 degree, 4MHz)
3. Select the desired probe and press the knob to
activate
4. After choosing the probe it will be

displayed on the main screen as follows:
Important Note:
To set the measuerment values as on the left picture
go to:
TEST > Measuerment Values M1 to M3 or M4 to M6
Using SoftKeys M1,M2,M3, M4, M5, M6 change the
value to be displayed

Calibration – setting the measuerment mode:
Before start make sure the measuerment mode is set to peak for angle beam probes. To verify
the state check bottom line of the screen:
To Change it to peak go to: Test > Measuerment Mode: [SoftKey] Meas. Mode change from Flank to Peak

Calibration – reference points for 2 –point calibration (V2
block smaller radius: 25 and 100mm ref. points)
1. Prior starting the calibration go to: Test Preparation > Calibration > Two – Point Calibration
2. When it is selected two SoftKeys appears: „Ref. Position 1” and „Ref. Position 2”
3. As we have to set 25 and 100mm as reference points use those buttons to set it
4. When it is finished couple the probe to a test block and see if you have two backwall echoes
visible on your A – Scan, like below:
Important Note:
1. Make sure probe is connected and
coupled.
2. Increase the gain by rotating the wheel
3. If echoes are still not visible please use
SoftKey „Measuerment Range” to extend
it to cover two echoes

Calibration: 2 –point calibration on V2 block smaller radius:
25 and 100mm reference points
1. To start the calibration go to: Test Preparation \ Calibration \ Two – Point Calibration and press the wheel to
execute it.
2. Couple the probe to V2 block and maximize the echo.
3. Hold the probe in that position and try not to move it or
use freeze function which can be set to top button.
4. Use „G1 Start” SoftKey to move the blue gate on first
echo
5. When properly gated push „Next” SoftKey
6. Use „G1 Start” to place the gate over second echo

7. Amplify the signal so it will cross the level of the gate
8. Press the SoftKey „Done” to finish calibration
9. To verify the calibration: check the sound velocity if it is

close to 3240 m/s (+- 30m/s) and use second side of V2
block to check on 50mm radius if the reading show the
same.

Evaluation curves: DGS
After succesful calibration sizing curve is often needed to estimate the indication size.
DGS is a mathematical, evaluation method of the flaw size which can be crated based on refference back wall
echo from the standard block (K1 or K2).
1. To draw DGS curve go to: Test preparation > Evaluation Curves > DGS > Set DGS Reference
2. Make sure that Refference Echo Type is set

to „Back Wall”
3. Reference Sound Attenuation should be
6dB/m
4. Execute the „Set DGS Reference” function by
going to the menu and pressing the knob on it.
Note: It is recommended to use K1 block 100mm radius as a refference point of DGS as the radius
reflection factors are already set in the probes data for SONOTEC probes. For other manufacturers probes
factors should be similar, if not amplitude correction has to be adjusted (explanation on further slides).

Evaluation curves: DGS
5. Couple the probe to the test block and maximize the echo reflection from any radius of the calibration block.
6. When amplitude is on maximum select it by gate by „G1 Start” Soft Key and press „Set Reference”
7. When succesfull the curve will be drawn on the screen, similar to one below.
Note: created curve corresponds to the back wall reflector size
(full reflection). In order to make it usefull for flaw size evaluation
(comparison) we need to set correct DSR size for our inspection.
For example if we need to inspect anything based on DSR size
3mm or 1,5mm we should go back one step in the menu.
[Test Preparation > Evaluation Curves> DGS > (Soft Key 3) DSR
Size and set that size to the size we will verify the curve.
After the change the curve should look like on the left picture.

Evaluation curves: DGS adjustment and veryfication
DGS veryfication can be made on the side drilled hole of K1/V1 calibration block (in our case 3mm)
1. Couple the probe to the K1 block and maximize

the amplitude from the side drilled hole (SDH).
2. If the amplitude would not match the main curve
of correct DSR size (3mm) correction is needed.
3. In order to correct the curve to the right level use
two settings (amplitude correction and transfer
correction under DGS menu entry)
4. Typical value for transfer correction is usually 2-
3dB. Remaining difference should be corrected
by amplitude correction
5. The result should be similar to the left picture:
- Ddsr should show around 3mm
- D1 should show around 15mm
Note: when everything is correct it is advised to save

the setup. Storage > Setup > Save (slide 9).

Evaluation curves: DAC
After succesful calibration sizing curve is often needed to estimate the indication size. Creation of a DAC curve
requires a special prepared test block of the same material and SDH size which require testing procedure.
That means, if we are looking for flaws bigger than 3mm in steel we should have a steel block with 3mm SDH
on different depths (similar to weld thickness) in order to create precise DAC curve.
1. To draw DAC curve go to: Test preparation > Evaluation Curves > DAC > New DAC Curve
2. Couple the probe to DAC block and maximize the echo
from first reflector.
3. Use „G1 Start” SoftKey to move the blue gate on that
echo
4. Press SoftKey „Add Point”
5. Add aditional points, DAC requires

minimum 2 points.
6. When finished press „Done”
7. DAC Curve is saved

Evaluation curves: DAC - adjustment
After succesful setting the DAC curve there is a need to adjust it to the measurment conditions by adding the
gain (for example 6dB).
The preffered way to do so is:
1. Use the transfer correction to lower the curve (+6dB correction) (Test Preparation > Evaluation Curves >
2. Add 6dB gain using the wheel the ammount of gain which is needed by normal gain (the DAC curve will go
up as well)
3. When everything is done and correct it is recommended

to save the setting:
Storage > Setup > Save (slide 9).

A-Scan Comparison Mode
A – Scan comparison mode is a

functionality which is avilable as
standard function in flaw detector mode
of SW70.
It allows an operator to save the whole

A-Scan pattern into device memory and
recall it later on.
This function helps operator evaluating

actual scan results by comparing the live
A-Scan waveform with the refference
pattern (good or bad).
It is usefull, for example in evaluation

process of bond integrity or spot weld
testing, where it is not so easy to
evaluate the results without directly
comparing it to a known reference.
Reference signal: Live comparison signal:
15mm backwall 13mm backwall

A-Scan Comparison Mode:
In order to save the A-Scan pattern start the device in Flaw Detector mode.
Go to: Test\ A-Scan options and when selected use Soft Key1: „A-Scan Mode“.
Switch the mode to „Comparison“ so the Soft Key4 appear: „Comparison Scan“.
Couple the probe to the test piece and press the „Comparison Scan“ when ready.
Note: When the gain, measuring range and other important parameter changes the pattern disappears
and needs to be created/recalled.
For a possibility to recall it later, it needs to be stored in the memory:
Go to: Storage\Setup\Save and proceed with giving it a name and confirm.
To recall the setup go to: Storage\Setup\Manage and load the setup.

Backwall Echo Attenuator
BEA – is a flaw detection technique applied in ultrasonics to identify or confirm the presence of defects by
observing a reduction in the amplitude of the echo reflected from the backwall. A typical example is in the
inspection of forgings using a 0° probe. The amplitude of the echo from the backwall will remain approximately
constant in clean material. The presence of defects between the probe and the backwall reduce the amount of
sound reaching the backwall and, consequently, reduce the size of the backwall echo.
Planar laminar defects are likely to produce direct pulse-echo responses, which can be detected as signals
observed in the range between the probe and the backwall echo. The BEA provides confirmation of the presence
of such defects. Clusters of small defects, such as porosity, may not produce a reflected signal of sufficiently
high amplitude to be detected by direct pulse-echo. However, depending on the number and density, they may
scatter the sound sufficiently to be detected by BEA.
For an inspection of a forging, the flaw detector gain, required to detect the signals from potential defects, will be
sufficiently high such that the backwall signal will be significantly greater than full-screen height. The BEA
function allows a separate lower gain to be applied to a gate towards the end of the timebase, so that the
backwall echo can be fully observed on the screen during the inspection and any changes in amplitude can be
monitored.

Functionality:
There is a special 3rd gate available to perform that function “BEA Gate”.
BEA gate allows the operator to apply an independent gain level to the A-Scan within the BEA gate width.
It allows the operator to reduce the amplitude of the backwall echo when general gain level is high (often
used to find small flaws).
The high general gain makes internal reflectors easy to see and the BEA gain setting allows the operator to
observe the peak of the backwall which in normal case would be above full screen height.
Backwall variation could be the result of flaws that scatter sound energy or reflect sound energy away from
the transducer.
Suppressing the backwall signal can also enhance detection of defects close to the backwall echo by
allowing visibility of the defect and backwall peaks even when the two signals overlap at the baseline.

Operation:
To activate/deactivate Backwall Echo Attenuation (BEA) go to “Test Preparation – Test Options – Backwall
Echo Atenuation” and use soft button “BEA Enable” to switch it to “ON”/”OFF”.
BEA gate appears on the screen and it can be controlled by the soft buttons on the bottom of the screen.
BEA gate operates only in manual mode
As BEA is an additional gate, there are 2 normal gates available for usual testing scenarios

Ultrasound is
our strength.
Address SONOTEC Ultraschallsensorik Halle GmbH

Nauendorfer Str. 2
06112 Halle (Saale)
Managing Directors Dr. Santer zur Horst-Meyer

Hans-Joachim Münch
Phone +49 (0)345 133 17 - 0

Fax +49 (0)345 133 17 - 99
E-Mail sonotec@sonotec.de
Internet www.sonotec.de

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SONOTEC

Ultrasonic Solutions – Made in Germany

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NOTE: micro SD card has to be mounted

Black cable plug Red cable plug Charger socket

NOTE: Incorrect cable connection

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

The default password to entry Expert Mode is: „SONOTEC”.

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The password can be reset in the password input window

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If an incorrect password is entered, a

Expert Mode starts by selecting a

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Sub menu present when marked by „+“

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Measuring Measuring range end

Context data: object,

Configurable soft buttons

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The following Assistance Functions are available:

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Alternative, easy function activation (shortcuts) are avilable:

Note: setting GateStart to

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

A-Gate – Automatic Gate

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Example of crosstalk elimination in dual element probe at high gain:

In this example Adjusting the

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Auto Gain Range

Base gain from New calculated

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Auto Gain Range

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4. Accept automatic delay calibration in following window and

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SONOWALL 70 can work with different kind of probes available on the

There is a probe database containing SONOTEC’s and if introduced

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Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

NOTE: following pre

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Ultrasonic Solutions I Made in Germany

Extended Accuracy Mode: To activate it go to:

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