UNIT 1 – LISTENING & SPEAKING (2 hours)

ENGLISH IN MEDICINE 1 – GENERAL PRACTITIONER Y2

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Editor: Ho Thu Huong
Email: huongthuho@duytan.edu.vn
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
2. LISTENING EXERCISES
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
atrium ● ventricle ● (interatrial & interventricular) septum
mitral ● tricuspid ● pulmonary ● aortic valve
endocardium ● myocardium ● pericardium
artery ● arteriole ● capillary ● venule ● vein
aorta ● vena cava ● pulmonary (artery & vein) ● coronary artery
carotid ● brachial ● radial ● femoral ● popliteal pulse
plasma ● erythrocyte ● leukocyte ● thrombocyte
diastole & systole ● pulse ● blood pressure
pulmonary & systemic circulation
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
angina hypertension (HTN)
arrhythmia hypotension
cardiac arrest anemia
congenital heart disease (CHD) cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
congestive heart failure (CHF) atherosclerosis
coronary artery disease (CAD) aneurysm
endocarditis deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
myocardial infarction (MI) varicose vein
cardiac tamponade peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
defibrillation pacemaker implantation
catheter ablation cardiac catheterization
angioplasty bypass grafting
valve replacement pericardiocentesis
aneurysmectomy endarterectomy
vein ligation (tying off) medication
extracorporeal circulation heart transplantation
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
Oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the two largest veins in
the body, the venae cavae. The superior vena cava drains blood from the
upper portion of the body, and the inferior vena cava carries blood from the
lower part of the body.
The venae cavae bring oxygen-poor blood that has passed through all of
the body to the right atrium. The right atrium contracts to force blood through
the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The cusps of the tricuspid valve
form a one-way passage designed to keep the blood flowing in only one
direction.// As the right ventricle contracts to pump oxygen-poor blood
through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, the tricuspid valve
stays shut, thus preventing blood from pushing back into the right atrium. The
pulmonary artery then branches to carry oxygen deficient blood to each lung.
1. PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES
The blood that enters the lung capillaries from the pulmonary artery
soon loses its large quantity of carbon dioxide into the lung tissue, and the
carbon dioxide is expelled. At the same time, oxygen enters the capillaries of
the lungs and is brought back to the heart via the pulmonary veins.// The
newly oxygenated blood enters the left atrium of the heart from the
pulmonary veins. The walls of the left atrium contract to force blood through
the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
The left ventricle has the thickest walls of all four heart chambers. It
must pump blood with great force so that the blood travels through arteries
to all parts of the body.// The left ventricle propels the blood through the
aortic valve into the aorta, which branches to carry blood all over the body.
The aortic valve closes to prevent return of aortic blood to the left ventricle.
2. LISTENING PRACTICE

VIDEO 1: How does heart pump blood?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruM4Xxhx32U&t=1s
Listen to this video twice, and fill in the blanks
2. LISTENING PRACTICE
1. Everyone could feel their own _________.
2. If a heart was exposed or __________, the body would perish
quickly.
3. Even in the 21st century, only a few people in __________ have
actually seen a working heart.
4. In reality, mammals have a __________ circulation.
5. The heart’s functions become apparent as medics get _________
the motion of the heart's valves.
2. LISTENING PRACTICE
6. Immerse this heart __________ and you'll see that it doesn't
pump when squeezed by hand.
7. This makes the heart look __________ because the atria have
several incoming veins attached.
8. If you run water into the right ventricle from a tap, you'll see that
the ___________ tries to close against the incoming stream.
9. You'll notice they _________ at all when the ventricles are
squeezed.
10. Understanding how this __________ inner pump works gives
new resonance to the feeling you get
2. LISTENING PRACTICE

VIDEO 2: What happens during a heart attack?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_PYnWVoUzM&t=14s
Listen to this video twice, and fill in the blanks
2. LISTENING PRACTICE

1. Approximately __________ people around the world die from

heart attacks every year.
2. Fatty deposits, or plaques, develop on the walls of our
__________.
3. Blood flow is cut off to the cardiac muscle and the oxygen-
starved cells start to die within ___________.
4. In the worst case scenario, a heart attack can cause __________.
5. Symptoms may be __________ in women and the elderly.
2. LISTENING PRACTICE
6. If you think that someone might be having a heart attack, the
most important thing is to __________.
7. They commonly use an __________ to measure the heart's
electrical activity and a blood test to assess heart muscle damage.
8. Heart attack treatment is advancing, but ________ is vital.
9. A good diet and exercise plan can also keep your weight in a
__________, which will lower your heart attack risk as well.
10. Heart attacks may be common, but they don't have to be
_________.
2. LISTENING PRACTICE
SHORT TALK
1. Factors secreted by endothelial cells have this function:
A. change the action of blood vessels
B. encourage the growth of blood vessels
C. increase blood clotting within blood vessels
2. Where are the nutrients burned in the presence of oxygen to generate
energy?
A. Cells B. Arteries C.
Capillaries
3. This factor DOES NOT participate in keeping blood moving back to the
heart:
A. muscular action B. elastic tissue C. valves
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

SPEAKING REFLEX
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

SPEAKING REFLEX

1/ Introduce 3 major components of the circulatory system and

their main functions.
2/ What is tachycardia?
3/ What is cardiac arrest?
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
DESCRIBE THE PICTURE
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

Keywords
Where? clinic/hospital
What? diagnostic imaging
test/ultrasound
Who? physician/specialist/patient
How? modern
machine/confident/comfortable
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
DESCRIBE THE PICTURE
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

Keywords
Where? emergency rm. (ER)
What? cardiac arrest/defibrillation
Who? physician/nurse/patient
How? complicated/severe/stressful
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
CONVERSATION WITH A PATIENT
1. Introduce yourself - name
& role
2. Confirm patient details -
name & DoB
3. Explain the need to take
history
4. Gain consent
5. Present complaint
1. Hi, my name is (Trang), I am a
(second) year medical student.
2. What is your name, please? And
your date of birth?
3. I need to ask you some questions
to help the doctor/fill in the form.
4. May I sit down and talk to you for
a while?
5. What seems to be the problem?
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
CONVERSATION WITH A PATIENT
6. Ask for details 6. Ask about duration (how long),
location (where), type (how),
severity, affecting factors
7. Other symptoms 7. What else do you feel?
8. Previous health 8. Have you ever been admitted to
the hospital?

9. Summary & next step 9. So you are having … The nurse will
take you to the lab for some tests
and I will inform you as soon as
we have the results. Thank you.
3. SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
CONVERSATION WITH A PATIENT
Work in pairs to make your own story,
start with a symptom related to the circulatory system.
QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS