Vectors and Motion

Scalars
 A scalar quantity is a quantity that has magnitude only and
has no direction in space
 Examples of Scalar Quantities:
Length
Area
Volume
Time
Mass
Vectors
A vector quantity is a quantity that has both
magnitude and a direction in space
Examples of Vector Quantities:
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES DESCRIPTION
A.Scalars (Magnitude/unit)
1. Mass 10 kg
2. Time 2s
3. Speed 5 miles per hour
4. Energy 8J

B.Vectors (magnitude/unit/direction)
1. Displacement 5 m to the right
2. Velocity 5 kph, 30⁰ N of E
3. Acceleration 9.8 m/s2 downward
4. Force 18 N, 10⁰ from the X-axis
 Determining Direction
N

B A
N of E

N of W

W E

S of E
C
S of W D

S
 Addition of Collinear Vectors
Resultant Vector
represents the total of two or more vectors
drawn from the tail of the 1st vector to the
head of the last vector.

tail head
 Resultant of Two Vectors
 The resultant is the sum or the combined effect of two vector quantities
 Vectors in the same direction
6m 4m 10 m
=
6m 10 m
=
4m

 Vectors in opposite direction

6 m/s 10 m/s 4 m/s
=
6 m/s 10 m/s 4 m/s
=
.
Xavier runs towards south with
a velocity of 40 m/s then 90 m/s
going east, lastly 30 m/s going
south again. Determine his
final displacement and position.
 A boy is walking due west for
52 m, then walk 30.0 North of
o

West for 42 m, and then walk

due north for 25 m. What is the
magnitude and direction of his
displacement?
A child walks 200 m east, pauses
and then continues 400 m north.
He continued going 50 m west,
and finally 150 north. Find the
magnitude and direction of the
resultant vector?
 An airplane flying toward
East at 90 km/hr is being
blown toward North at
50km/hr. What is the
resultant velocity of a plane?
 Consider the trip of peripatetic
Sam, he starts at the intersection and
walks east 50 ft; then he walks 100 ft
to the northeast through a vacant lot.
Find Sam’s net displacement.
 Components of Vector
Horizontal Component (X)
X = F cos⊝
Vertical Component (Y)
Y = F sin⊝
Angle
tan ⊝ = Y/X
-1
Sample Problems
Seatwork
 A and B represents two
displacement of a student who
walked first 95 m East and the
55 m North. What will be the
resultant vector?
 Find the resultant R of vector A, B, C, D
whose magnitudes and directions are given
below:
(scale 1mm:1m)
A = 100 m, 30 N of E
0

B = 70 m, 40 N of W
0

C = 180 m, 60 S of W
0

D = 150 m, 200 S of E
 Find the resultant R of vector A, B, C, D
whose magnitudes and directions are given
below:
(scale 1cm:10m)
A = 40 m, 25 N of W
0

B = 60 m, 50 N of E
0

C = 80 m, 10 S of E
0

D = 70 m, 600 S of W
Equilibrium
When the net force is zero, the object is in
equilibrium. An equilibrant force can be
applied to produce equilibrium.
The same magnitude as the resultant vector
but in an opposite direction.
Force Table
Find the equilibrant in the
force below

B = 6N

A = 8N
 Seatwork
From the given vector quantities below, determine:
a. Magnitude and direction of the resultant vector
b. Determine the magnitude and direction of the equilibrant
force
A = 50 N @ 30o N of E
B = 110 N @ 40o N of W
C = 75 N @ 60o S of W
D = 130 N @ 20o S of E