WHAT IS MMPI?

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality

Inventory (MMPI) is a standardized
psychometric test of adult personality and
psychopathology.
RATIONALE
The Minnesota Multiphasic personality inventory
(MMPI) is a standardized questionnaire that elicits a wide
range of self-descriptions scored to give a quantitative
measurement of an individual’s level of emotional
adjustments and attitude toward test taking.
 PURPOSE AND
APPLICABILITY
The primary purpose of the MMPI is to assess personality traits,
psychopathology, and mental health functioning across various populations
(Butcher et al., 2001).

It finds applications in clinical settings for diagnostic purposes, in forensic

contexts for legal evaluations, and in research to investigate psychological
phenomena (Arbisi & Ben-Porath, 2015).

The MMPI is also employed in personnel selection and vocational guidance

(Butcher et al., 2001).
 DEVELOPMENT OF
MMPI
Since its original development by Hathaway
McKinley in 1940, the MMPI has become the
widely used clinical personality inventory, with
more than 10,000 published
research references.
TYPES OF MMPI
1. MMPI-2
2. MMPI-2-RF
3. MMPI-A
4. MMPI-A-RF

5. MMPI-3
1. MMPI-2
The revised edition of the test was
released in 1989 as the MMPI-2.3
The test received revision again in 2001
and updates in 2003 and 2009, and it's
still in use today as the most frequently
used clinical assessment test.
2. MMPI-2-RF
Another edition of the test, published in 2008,
is known as the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form
(MMPI-2-RF), an alternative to the MMPI-
2.4
3. MMPI-A
There is also an MMPI, published in 1992,
that's geared toward adolescents aged 14 to
18 years old called the MMPI-A. With 478
questions, it takes about an hour to
complete.
4. MMPI-A-RF
In 2016, the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory-Adolescent-
Restructured Form (MMPI-A-RF) was
published. Like the MMPI-2-RF, it's shorter,
with just 241 questions that take 25 to 45
minutes to answer.

5. MMPI-3
The latest version of the instrument, MMPI-
3, was released in 2020. The test takes 25 to
50 minutes to complete and is available in
English, Spanish, and French.
10 CLINICAL SCALES OF
MMPI
VALIDITY SCALES
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 contains four validity scales
designed to measure a person’s test-taking attitude and approach to the test:
1. ? Scale- omitted items.
2. L (Lie scale)-15 items of overtly good self-report.
3. F (frequency or infrequency)- scattered around the test has 60 items.
4. K (correction)- 30 items reflecting defensiveness in admitting problems.
ADMINISTRATION
INSTRUCTIONS
Administered in either paper-and-pencil or
computerized formats, the MMPI typically
comprises a series of true/false questions.

A booklet and an answer sheet is given.

Respondents are instructed to answer each
question honestly and without overthinking,
providing insights into their psychological
functioning.
SCORING METHODS
Scores on the MMPI are derived using various methods,
including T-scores and raw scores.
INTERPRETATION OF
RESULTS
Interpretation involves examining scale
elevations and patterns to assess the presence
and severity of psychological symptoms and
personality traits (Butcher et al., 2001).

Clinically significant elevations on certain

scales may indicate specific mental health
diagnoses or areas of concern
GENERATING REPORTS
This involves summarizing scale scores,
identifying clinically significant elevations, and
providing interpretive comments.

Ethical considerations include ensuring

confidentiality, communicating findings
accurately and responsibly, and considering the
impact of results on the individual's well-being.