Mechanics of Soft Materials

Tuesday, Thursday 5:15-6:30 PM

Boundary condition in previous discussion: surface traction,
i.e. distributed normal and shear load

Boundary condition in next discussion: surface displacements or

combination of surface traction and surface displacements

The equations about displacement derives earlier

 u z 0 1  2 1   
x 
 
2 1 2 q s a

E  xs
 p ds
x E b

 v z 0 1  2 1    
2 1 2
x 
 p s
a

E  xs
 q ds
x E b
Boundary condition in previous discussion: surface traction,
i.e. distributed normal and shear load

Boundary condition in next discussion: surface displacements or

combination of surface traction and surface displacements

The equations about displacement derives earlier

 u z 0 1  2 1   
x 
  q s
2 1 2 a

E  xs
 p ds
x E b

a
q s  E  u z 0  1  2 
  xs ds    p x
b 2 1    x
2
2 1   

coupled integral
 v z 0 1  2 1   
x 
 
2 1p s
2 a
equations
E  xs
 q ds
x E b
a
p s  E  v z 0  1  2 
  ds    q x
b
xs 2 1    x
2
2 1   
a
q s  E  u z 0  1  2 
 xs ds    p x
b 2 1    x
2
2 1   
To be solved
a
p s  E  v z 0  1  2 
 ds    q  x
b
xs 2 1    x
2
2 1   
 v z 0
and q x 
x
Given boundary conditions or
(in a typical problem):
u z 0
and px 
x
Allows to decouple the equations
 a
q s  E  u z 0  1  2 
 xs ds    p x
b 2 1    x
2
2 1   
To be solved
a
p s  E  v z 0  1  2 
 ds    q  x
b
xs 2 1    x
2
2 1   
 v z 0
and q x 
x
Given boundary conditions: or
u z 0
and px 
x

F s 
a
General form:
b x  s ds  g x 
solution

F x  
1
a
s  b a  s 1 / 2 g s ds  C
 2 x  b a  x 1 / 2

b
xs  2 x  b a  x 1 / 2
 If the origin is taken at the center of the loaded region then,

F x  
1
a
a 2
 s 2  g s ds
1/ 2
C
 2 a 2  x 2 
1/ 2 
a
xs

 2 a 2  x 2 
1/ 2

a
C    F x dx
a

A frictionless rigid punch presses against an elastic half space

P

z
O x
Q
v z 0  constant z
a a 

z
(a) Surface of the punch is frictionless, so that q x   0

(b) Friction at the interface is sufficient to prevent any

slip between the punch and the surface of the solid: u z 0  displacement of the punch,  x

(c) Partial sip occurs to limit the tangential traction qx   px 
 P Frictionless punch: The boundary conditions:

z q x   0
O
Q x v z 0  constant

 E v
a a g s    0
21    x
2

z
C
Noting that F  x  corresponds to p  x   p x 
a 
1/2
 2 2
x 2

a a
dx C
The constant C is estimated by P  F x dx  C   a
a a
2 2
x 
2 1/ 2


 C  P
P
Pressure distribution obtained as  p  x  
 a  x 
1/2
2 2

theoretically infinite value at the edge of the punch x   a

The displacement of the surface outside the punch can be calculated from


21 2  ps ln x  s ds  1  2 1     qs ds  qs ds   C
a x a
v z 0 
E  a
2E
  
 a x 
2


21 2  a
P

E   a
a
2
s 
2 1/ 2
ln x  s ds  C 2

21   P  x  x 
1/ 2
2 2

v z 0   z  ln    a 2  1 
E  a   

The expression for the surface gradient can be obtained as:

v z 0


21 2 P  1
x E x2  a2

infinite at x   a
 1  2 1    
x a

ps ds  ps ds  C
Tangential displacements under the punch: u z 0    
2E  a x 


1  2 1   P 1  x 
sin  
E a

For a compressible material,   0.5

points on the surface moves towards the center of the punch
 No slip boundary condition:
surface of the solid adheres completely onto the punch,
no slip boundary condition

v z 0   z and u z 0
x
slope of the displacements underneath the
punch are zero
displacements of the punch

Therefore,
a
q s  E  u z 0  1  2 
 xs ds    p x
b 2 1    x
2
2 1   
a
p s  E  v z 0  1  2 
 ds    q x
b
xs 2 1    x
2
2 1   

Solution to this problem can be found out in notes.