Universitatea ”Ovidius” Constanța

Facultatea de Matematică si Informatică

Specializarea Informatică

Operating Systems

Nume: Bălțatu Ștefănel Antonio

Grupa 1
 An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of
its software and hardware. It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language. Without an
operating system, a computer is useless.

Operating system role:

The operating system (OS) of your computer is responsible for overseeing both software and hardware. Often, various programs run simultaneously, each
needing access to your computer's central processing unit (CPU), memory, and storage. The operating system effectively manages and coordinates these
processes, ensuring that each program receives the required resources.

Types of operating systems :

Operating systems usually come pre-loaded on any computer you buy. While many users stick with the default operating system, there is the option to upgrade
or switch to a different one. The three most common operating systems for personal computers include Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux, representing the
most prevalent choices.
 Comparison between Windows, Mac and Linux

Operating systems Windows Mac Linux

Icon This is the Start Menu and It is located in the

is located in the bottom left
hand corner of the screen.
It allows you to access your ‘Control
Panel’, ‘Computer’, programs, folders
and more.
top left hand corner
of the screen .
These symbols are located in the
It allows you to access your ‘System top left hand corner of the screen
Preferences’, ‘Software Update’, and it is where you can access all
‘About This Mac’ and more. your computer applications.

Task Bar Located at the bottom of the screen. Located at the bottom of the screen. Located on the left hand side of the
It contains shortcuts to applications, the date It contains shortcuts to applications, files screen with applications running in a
and time, and more. and folders. Referred to as a ‘Dock’. vertical manner.
It contains shortcuts to applications, files
and folders.

Default Browser Internet Explorer. Safari. Firefox.

(Now known as Microsoft Edge for
Microsoft Windows 10 version and later)
Functions of the Operating System

• Booting:

Booting is the process of turning on the computer and powering up the system.

• Supervising Input-Output Operations:

The operating system also empowers the computer to oversee its internal assets, encompassing memory, display, keyboard, printer, and more.

• Multitasking

The operating system efficiently handles memory management, enabling the simultaneous execution of multiple programs within distinct spaces. Additionally, it facilitates
communication between these programs through shared memory. This concurrent operation, known as multitasking, enhances user experience by empowering them to seamlessly
perform multiple tasks on the computer simultaneously.

• Data security:

A good OS includes features that keep your data safe and computer programs secure. Security features are set up to keep unwanted cyberattackers at bay.
 Mobile vs Computer
Mobile
Unlike computers, mobile phones diverge in their interface design, lacking a
traditional desktop akin to a computer. Their user interface emphasizes
simplicity, relying on intuitive gestures and voice commands for user interaction.
This deliberate design aims to provide a user-friendly and straightforward
experience, catering to the constraints of a smaller screen and the on-the-go
nature of mobile usage. The absence of a conventional desktop and the focus on
touch and voice interactions distinguish mobile phone interfaces, making them
distinct from their computer counterparts.
1. Mobile phone’s operating systems
Computer
Computer systems are responsible for storing extensive and intricate data,
featuring varied user interfaces. They are designed to handle diverse functions
like printing, managing removable disks, and more. These systems commonly
provide users with a desktop and a control panel, offering a centralized platform
for managing information. Unlike operating systems in phones, computer
operating systems have a lengthier history in the IT industry, making them more
familiar and well-established. They have been in existence much longer than the
operating systems used in phones.
2. Computer’s operating systems
Bibliography

Information used for the text:

• https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/understanding-operating-systems/1/

• https://www.uow.edu.au/student/learning-co-op/technology-and-software/operating-systems/

• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-an-operating-system/

• https://www.wgu.edu/blog/5-most-popular-operating-systems1910.html

First photo:

• https://visualmodo.com/iphone-vs-android-users-key-differences/

Second photo:

• https://edition.cnn.com/cnn-underscored/electronics/windows-vs-macbook