BIOETHICS AND ITS

APPLICATION IN
VARIOUS HEALTH
CARE SITUATIONS
Issues on Artificial
Reproduction, Its Morality, and
Ethico-moral Responsibility of
Nurses
CONTENT
Definition of terms

Artificial Insemination
In-vitro fertilization
Surrogate Motherhood
• Traditional Surrogacy
• Gestational Surrogacy
Conclusion
DEFINITION OF
TERMS
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
• Artificial Insemination is the
introduction of sperm form a
man into a woman by
laboratory methods in attempt
to bring about conception in
the woman’s womb thus
making the marital act of
husband and wife insignificant
causally in the bringing about
of conception.
 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION
• In-vitro (glass) human fertilization is
facilitating conception of a human
person outside the body of a woman.
• This conception is takes place in a
laboratory container;
• The living human embryo of the
conception is then transferred from the
laboratory container into the body of a
woman for gestation and normal birth;
DEFINITION OF
TERMS
IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION
• All techniques of in vitro
fertilization proceed as if the
human embryo were a mass of
cell to be used, selected and
discarded
 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD
• Surrogate motherhood is to facilitate
conception through a third-party
reproduction in which a woman
consents to carry a pregnancy for
intended parents who cannot conceive
for medical reasons or those who are
gay couple.
SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD

• There are two forms of

surrogacy: Traditional and
Gestational;
• Traditional Surrogacy uses the
surrogate’s mother’s egg for
conception;
• Gestational Surrogacy is
performed by transferring
embryos made through IVF
with eggs from the intended
mother or donor.
 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD
• The advent of In-vitro Fertilization has
assisted gestational surrogacy;
• The legal procedures that a woman is
giving birth to a child is the legitimate
mother of the child;
• Therefore, a surrogate mother is
required to formally abandon parental
authority, and the intended parent(s)
then adopt the child born.
CONCLUSION
• The morality of artificial
insemination, IVF, and
surrogacy can be determined
through an analysis of
applicable ethical principles
such as respect for the dignity
of the person, beneficence,
non-maleficence, justice, and
autonomy.
CONCLUSION
• Healthcare practitioners, especially
nurses, have a crucial role in assisting
individuals facing issues with artificial
reproduction in a non-judgmental
manner. This involves providing
necessary information and facilitating
patient decision-making through the
dissemination of relevant information.
END OF SLIDE