EXCRETORY PROCESS,

PARTS AND IT’S

FUNCTION
 Is a process by which waste
EXCREATION
materials from the oxidation of
food in cell metabolism are
remove from the living cells.
KIDNEY
• This pair of
purplish-brown
organs is located
below the ribs
toward the
middle of the
back.
 URETERS
These narrow
tubes carry urine
from the kidneys
to the bladder.
bladder
This triangle-
shaped, hollow
organ is located in
the lower abdomen.
URETHRA

This tube allows

urine to pass
outside the body.
 EXCREATION
SYSTEM AND
IT’S FUNCTION
 KIDNEY
•Remove waste products and drugs from the
body
•Balance the body's fluids
•Release hormones to regulate blood
pressure
•Control production of red blood cells
 URETERS
• Muscles in the ureter walls continually tighten and relax
forcing urine downward, away from the kidneys. If urine
backs up, or is allowed to stand still, a kidney infection
can develop.

• About every 10 to 15 seconds, small amounts of urine

are emptied into the bladder from the ureters.
 BLADDER
• It is held in place by ligaments that are attached to
other organs and the pelvic bones.
• The bladder's walls relax and expand to store urine,
and contract and flatten to empty urine through the
urethra.
• The typical healthy adult bladder can store up to two
cups of urine for two to five hours.
 URETHRA
• The brain signals the bladder muscles to tighten,
which squeezes urine out of the bladder. At the
same time, the brain signals the sphincter muscles
to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the
urethra.
• When all the signals occur in the correct order,
normal urination occurs.
 FACTS ABOUT URINE
• Normal, healthy urine is a pale straw or transparent
yellow color.
• Darker yellow or honey colored urine means you need
more water.
• A darker, brownish color may indicate a liver problem or
severe dehydration.
• Pinkish or red urine may mean blood in the urine.
 KIDNEY AS MAIN
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
 SEVERAL REGIONS AND STRUCTURES

1.Cortex- the outermost region

2.Medulla- the inner 2/3 region containing conical
projection called pyramids.
3.Pelvis- saclike cavity where the points of the
pyramids extend to where urine is secreted.
4. Renal artery- branching from the aorta and
carrying the blood into the kidney.
5. Nephrons- tiny filters that control the chemical
composition of blood.
6.Bowman’s capsule- a cup-shaped structure
that forms one end of the tubule and surrounds a
glomerulus nephron.
7. Glomerulus- a mass of capillaries found
in the bowman’s capsule that form coiled
knoblike end of every arteriole.

8. Renal vein- branches out and carries

blood away from the kidney.
 KIDNEY URINE FORMATION
Filtration is the first stage of urine formation.

1.Wastes are strained through the walls of the blood vessel into sacs
which act as filters.

2. After being strained this will pass on tiny tubes called tubules.

3.It will enter the bowman’s capsule and after the fluid leaves the
capsule through tubules and passes through network of capillaries.
REABSORPTION the second phase of urine
formation.
1.The cluster of tubules end at the point of each
pyramid just a smaller streams to join to form
larger streams finally a river.

2. Liquid waste are poured into pelvis collected

in each kidney pass through ureter.
3.Urine passes through your set of ureters and
get stored in a reservoir called bladder.

4. After filled with urine, it is round and projects

upward through urethra.

5. Urine will get expelled through contraction of

urethra in bladder.
EXCRETORY SYSTEM DISEASES

• Kidney Stones
• Glomerulonephritis
• Kidney Failure
• Diabetes
• Acute renal failure
• Diabetic nephropathy
• Incontinence
 WAYS OF TAKING CARE OF OUR EXCRETORY
SYSTEM
5. Stay hydrated.
1.Exercise regularly 6. Empty your bladder
2.Choose healthy fats. completely.
3.Manage and maintain 7. Go on easy on salty foods.
healthy weights. 8. Consider reduce of caffeine
4.Drink plenty fluids like intake.
water specially when 9. Wipe front to back if you’re a
woman.
expose in sunlight.
10. Avoid smoking.
 POINTERS TO REVIEW IN TLE 7
1. Respiration and It’s function
 Difference between inspiration and
expiration
 Respiration Functions
 5 Facts about Oxygen
 Difference between oxygenated and
deoxygenated.
 5 common diseases in respiratory
system
 Ways of taking care of our
Respiratory System
2. Excretory System
Parts and its function
Several regions and structure
Internal structure of Kidney
Kidney Urine formation
Common diseases in excretory
system
Ways of taking care of our
Excretory System