Poliomyelitis 1

PRESENTATION TITLE:

POLIOMYELITIS

PRESENTED BY:
IFRAH ASLAM
ROLL NO: 16
PHARM-D (IST PROF)

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POLIOMYELITIS
 Often called polio is an
infectious disease caused by a polio virus.

Types of Polio virus

 This virus has three serotypes: PV1, PV2 and PV3.

 Immunity specific poliomyelitis

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Mechanism of Action
 No-one knows that polio virus attacks
only motor neurons (target cells)
 Pattern of Polio
 Minor illness
 Not affected CNS
 Can be treated easily
 Also called abortive poliomylitis

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Major illness
Paralytic poliomylitis
 Non paralytic aseptic meningitis

There are three types on the basis of site of

infection
 Spinal poliomylitis( 79%)
 Bulbospinal poliomylitis( 19%)
 Bulbal poliomylitis (2%)

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Transmission
Feco-oral transmission
 Lack of sanitation (open defecation)
 Poor hygiene
 Not washing hands after changing baby diapers
 Not proper anal washing after defecation
Oral-Pharyngial transmission
In areas with good sanitation
In developed countries
 During touching, kissing, talking

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Diagnosis

Doctors recognize by symptoms

 Sample CSF , throat secretions , stool)

 Tests ( virus culture , serologic test , CSF test)

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Prevention
 Vaccination
Safe and highly effective cure rate is 99 out of 100
 There are two types of vaccination
 OPV ( oral-polio virus vaccine)
 Has risk of disease one in million cases
This vaccine is given through oral way
 IPV ( Inactivated polio virus vaccine)
 This is given via injection into veins
 In US only IPV is given

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Treatment
There is no treatment that will cure polio.
 Bed rest , pain killers , good nutrition , physical
therapy , antibiotics for urinary tract infection
etc. can help to reduce the long term symptoms
due to muscle loss.
 Polio cause immunity in its victim .

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Poliomyelitis 10