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Certainty

Must (80% possible)

May (50% possible)
Might (30% possible)
 MUST
1. USE:
To indicate you think something is probably true.

2. FORM:
MUST + BASE FORM
A: I have a toothache.
B: Oh, Gosh! That must hurt.
A: My boyfriend made me a marriage proposal
on Valentine’s day.
B: Congratulations.You must feel really
good.
A: Rose just called. She has been vomitting all
day. She has a terrible stomachache.
B: Too bad. She must not want to go
the concert.
A: I’ve been coughing all day.
B: You look terrible!
You must be in a lot of pain.
WILL BE ABLE TO
1. USE:
To indicate FUTURE ABILITY.

2. FORM:
WILL BE ABLE TO + BASE FORM
• Be able to is NOT a
modal verb
• But Be able to = can
EXAMPLE
S
• The doctor will be able to see you tomorrow.

• The doctor can see you tomorrow.

• She’ll be able to play tennis again in a week or so.

• She can play tennis again in a week or so.

 What will you be able to do
later today?
• I will be able to leave work early
today.
• I ‘ll be able to get tickets tonight for
the concert tomorrow.
MAY VS MIGHT
 MAY or MIGHT
1. USE:
To indicate POSSIBILITY.

2. FORM:
MAY + BASE FORM
MIGHT + BASE FORM
He may forget the problems. He is
an optimistic person.
(Él puede olvidar los problemas. Él
es una persona optimista).
She might forget the problems but it
was too painful for her.
(Ella podría olvidar los problemas pero
fue demasiado doloroso para ella).
He may pay the bills tomorrow.
He has money in his bank account.
(Él puede pagar las cuentas mañana.
Él tiene dinero en su cuenta bancaria).
He might pay the bills but I am not
sure if he has all the money now.
(Él podría pagar las cuentas pero no estoy
seguro si tiene todo el dinero ahora).
 MAY- 50 % possible
• Mieko is traveling to Peru
tomorrow. She may come to stay
with us for a week
• I may not have the time to meet
you. I am too busy
• According to the weather
forecast, it may rain today.
 MIGHT-30 % possible
• Look at those heavy clouds. It
might rain this afternoon
• She might be in the library now
but let’s ask someone else.
• I might not go to market today.
I have everything to make lunch.
EXAMPLE
S
The dentist might have some time
to see you this afternoon.
You may need to come in right
away.
On Saturday morning…

I may go to El Cultural.
I might check exams.
I may buy some fruit and
vegetables.
On Sunday afternoon…

I may ...
I might…
Let’s practice!
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 BE ABLE TO: SER CAPAZ DE ..

50% POSSIBILE
MAY BE ABLE TO: PUEDE SER CAPAZ DE…

30% POSSIBILE

MIGHT BE ABLE TO: PODRÍA SER CAPAZ DE…

The doctor may be able to see you today.
I might not be able to get there till 6:00.
BE ABLE TO: SER CAPAZ DE ..

MUST BE ABLE TO: DEBE SER CAPAZ DE…

CONCLUSIONS OR ASSUMPTIONS
MUST BE ABLE TO
1. USE:
To draw CONCLUSIONS.

2. FORM:
MUST+ BE ABLE TO+ BASE FORM
We must be able to park here - see the sign.
She must not be able to cancel the
appointment.