EDU 6003

ADVANCED HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY IN

ISLAMIC EDUCATION
ASSOC. PROF WAN MAZWATI BINTI WAN YUSOFF

PREPARED BY:
IZZAH BINTI MD SUAID
G1810692
NURUL NADIAH BINTI YAHYA
G1813156

Credit to Shabbir Sohal & Syarif Hidayatullah

 Click icon to add picture

Dr Allama Muhammad Iqbal

 BACKGROUND
Muhammad Iqbal bin Muhammad Nur bin Muhammad Rafiq
(Spiritual Father of Pakistan)

1877 = Born in Sialkot, Punjab, British India (Pakistan).

1893 = Matric from Scotch Mission High School Sialkot.
1895 = Intermediate from Murrey College, Sialkot.
1897 = B.A. Govt College Lahore (stands first in Arabic)
1898 = Began to study Philosophy with Prof. Arnold.
1899 = M.A. in Philosophy, got gold medal - Lecturer
1903 = Became Asst. Prof. of Philosophy and English Lit, Government
College
1907 = Awarded doctorate in philosophy by University of Munich.
1926 = Started his political career when he was elected as member of Punjab
Imperial Legislative Council (PILC).
1938 = Dies in Lahore; buried next to Badshahi Masjid
 PERSONAL LIFE

• Why Is Allama Iqbal Famous?

• Allama Iqbal, was a poet, philosopher, and
politician, as well as an academic, barrister
and scholar in British India who is widely
regarded as having inspired the Pakistan
Movement.
• He is considered one of the most important
figures in Urdu literature, with literary work
in both the Urdu and Persian languages.
 In 1927 the poet was elected to the Punjab
Legislative assembly.
 In 1930, he was elected to preside over at the
annual session of Muslim League.
 In his presidential address at Allahabad,
Iqbal for the first time introduced the idea of
Pakistan.
 In 1930-1931, he attended the Round Table
conference, which met in London to frame a
constitution for India – Politician.
POETRY Sympathy:

Perched on the branch of a tree, was a nightingale sad and

lonely “The night has drawn near”, He was thinking, “I
passed the day in flying around and feeding How can I
reach up to the nest, Darkness has enveloped everything”?
Hearing the nightingale wailing thus, A glow worm lurking
nearby spoke thus “With my heart and soul ready to help I
am, Though only an insignificant insect I am Never mind if
the night is dark, I shall shed light if the way is dark God
has bestowed a torch on me, He has given a shining lamp
to me The good in the world only those are, Ready to be
useful to others who are..
 PUBLICATIONS

 *Ilm ul Iqtisad in 1903
 *The Development ofMetaphysics

in Persia in 1908

 *Asrar-e-Khudi in 1915
 *Rumuz-i-Bekhudi in 1917
 *Payam-i-Mashriq in 1923

 *Bang-i-Dara in 1924
 *Zabur-i-Ajam in 1927


*The Reconstruction of Religious
Thoughts in Islam in 1930 Javid
Nama in 1932
*Bal-i-Jibril in 1935
*Zarb-i Kalim in 1936
*Pas Cheh Bayed Kard ai
Aqwam-e-Sharq in 1936
*Armughan-e-Hijaz in 1938
 CONTRIBUTIONS
• In 1908, while in England, he had been chosen
as a member of the executive council of the
newly-established British branch of the Indian
Muslim League.
• In 1930, clearly discussed Two Nation Theory
as: – Islam: as code of conduct and way of life.
– Muslims are separate nation.
• – Demand of separate state.
• In 1931 and 1932 he represented the
Muslims of India in the Round Table
Conferences held in England to discuss the
issue of the political future of India. And in
a 1930 lecture Iqbal suggested the creation
of a separate homeland for the Muslims of
India.

• Iqbal died (1938) before the creation of

Pakistan (1947), but it was his teaching that
"spiritually ... has been the chief force
behind the creation of Pakistan.“
CON’T…

 Demand of Separate State “If British Government is

interested to resolve Hindu-Muslim conflicts then
India should be divided into states. NWFP, Sindh,
Baluchistan & Punjab, should be converted into one
unit and authority should be given to Indian Muslims.”
 First Round Table Conference (Nov 1930– Jan 1931)
 Second Round Table Conference (Sept – Dec 1931)
 Third Round Table Conference (Nov –Dec 1932)

 Views : The importance of Zakat

 IQBAL’S PHILOSOPHY

ONTOLOGICAL EPISTEMOLOGICAL AXIOLOGICAL

VIEWS VIEWS VIEWS

THEOLOGICAL
ASPECT

COSMOLOGICAL
ASPECT

ANTHROPOLOGICAL
ASPECT
 Three aspects
Theological aspect Cosmological aspect Anthropological aspect

• Absolute Reality is •Allah (swt) created the •Human being is the best
Allah (swt). He is universe and natural creation of Allah (swt).
supreme. laws with definite
purpose. •The proper
• Tauheed is the basis education (tarbiyah),
of unity of thoughts •Man (khalifa) make a balanced
is
and action. personality which
responsible to surrender
• Everyone is both individual and distinguishes man
from other creatures.
accountable in front societal will before
of Allah. Allah (swt) . •Man is free to make
choice
• Personality of the Responsible attitude
last Prophet (saws) and continuous
is the struggle is a source to
symbol of holistic unfold the hidden
development potentials.
 EPISTEMOLOGICAL BELIEFS

Ilm- ul- asma

Ilm-ul Kitab
Empirical and rational
Devine Revealation sources
(Quran and Sunnah)

-Observational Knowledge
-Scientific Knowledge
 IQBAL’S EDUCATIONAL
THOUGHT
• The concept of good will (Khudi).
• Education (ta’alim-o- tarbiyyah)
~To unfold the hidden best potentials of
the individual’s.
~To channel those to attain goodness.
 Process of Education

• Aim and Objectives of Education – eg: Insan

Kamil.
• Curriculum – Quran, Hadith & Science, etc.
• Evaluation – Instruction & Talbiah.
• Teacher’s role and methodology – Central &
Unique figure.
 Purpose of Education

• Obedient of Allah
• Construction of Self Realization
• Self control
Role of Teacher (Overview)

Spiritual
Mentor

Role
Model
Teacher Personality
developer

Architect
of Soul
 Role of Student

Best Khalifah of
Freedom
knowledge Allah
 Impact

• The Insan Kamil (perfect man) must be a basic

goal of the aim of education.
• Religion and science should be together
because the religion was able to prepare the
modern man to take on a huge responsibility
that science must also be involved.
• Students have freedom of doing anything to
develop their potential.
 That’s all..
Syukran Jazilan.. 