Perform the indicated operations.

1. 4.
𝟔 𝟔,𝟕𝟐𝟎
2. 𝟖𝟒𝟎 5. 𝟕𝟐𝟎
3. 𝟓,𝟎𝟒𝟎
 LECTURE NO. 1

UNDERSTANDING

LINEAR
PERMUTATION
 In how many ways can 7 different
books be arranged in a shelf?
Suppose that only 4 out of the 7
books would be arranged in the shelf.
Therefore, there are 5,040 ways of arranging 7
different books in a shelf. Also, there are 840
ways of arranging 4 books out of 7 books
FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLE
OF COUNTING
 The Fundamental Principle
of Counting

If one event can occur in m ways, and

another event can occur in n ways, then,
these events can occur in mn ways,
provided that the two events are
independent events.
 The number of arrangement in
which order is important is known as
permutation. In particular, objects
arranged in a row are known as linear
permutations.
 Permutation
Permutation refers to an arrangement of objects in a
definitive order. Changing the order of the objects being
arranged creates a new permutation.

Permutation refers to the different possible

arrangements of a set of objects. The number of
permutations of n objects taken r at a time is:
If then .
A. Evaluate the following.
1. ¿ 𝟐𝟒 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
2. ¿ 𝟒𝟐 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
3. ¿ 𝟓 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
4. ¿ 𝟗𝟎 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
5. ¿ 𝟏 , 𝟔𝟖𝟎𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
Example 1.
How many four-digit numbers can be formed from
the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4?
The possible four-digit numbers are listed below.
𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒 𝟐𝟏𝟑𝟒 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟒 𝟒𝟏𝟐𝟑 There are 24
𝟏𝟐𝟒𝟑 𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝟑𝟏𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟏𝟑𝟐 four-digit
𝟏𝟑𝟒𝟐 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟒 𝟑𝟐𝟏𝟒 𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟑 numbers
that can be
𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟏 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝟏 𝟒𝟐𝟑𝟏 formed by
𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟑 𝟐𝟒𝟏𝟑 𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟐 𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟐 the digits 1,
2, 3, and 4.
𝟏𝟒𝟑𝟐 𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟒𝟐𝟏 𝟒𝟑𝟐𝟏
Example 1.
How many four-digit numbers can be formed from
the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4?
Solution: 𝒏=𝟒 𝒓 =𝟒
𝑷 ( 𝒏 ,𝒓 )=𝒏!
𝑷 ( 𝟒 ,𝟒 )=𝟒 !¿ 𝟒 ∙ 𝟑 ∙𝟐 ∙ 𝟏
¿ 𝟐𝟒four-digit numbers
Example 2.
How many three-digit numbers can be formed
from the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4?
The possible four-digit numbers are listed below.
𝟏𝟐𝟑 𝟐𝟏𝟑 𝟑𝟏𝟐 𝟒𝟏𝟐 There are 24
𝟏𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟏𝟒 𝟑𝟏𝟒 𝟒𝟏𝟑 three-digit
𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝟐𝟑𝟏 𝟑𝟐𝟏 𝟒𝟐𝟏 numbers
that can be
𝟏𝟑𝟒 𝟐𝟑𝟒 𝟑𝟐𝟒 𝟒𝟐𝟑 formed by
𝟏𝟒𝟐 𝟐𝟒𝟏 𝟑𝟒𝟏 𝟒𝟑𝟏 the digits 1,
2, 3, and 4.
𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝟐𝟒𝟑 𝟑𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟑𝟐
Example 2.
How many three-digit numbers can be formed
from the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4?
Solution: 𝒏=𝟒 𝒓 =𝟑
𝒏!
𝑷 ( 𝒏 ,𝒓 )=
( 𝒏−𝒓 ) !
𝟒! 𝟒 ∙𝟑 ∙ 𝟐 ∙𝟏
𝑷 ( 𝟒 ,𝟑 ) = ¿
( 𝟒 −𝟑 ) ! 𝟏!
¿ 𝟐𝟒 three-digit numbers
Example 3.
In how many ways can the first, second, and third
be selected in a class of 25 students?
Solution: 𝒏=𝟐𝟓 𝒓 =𝟑
𝒏!
𝑷 ( 𝒏 ,𝒓 )=
( 𝒏−𝒓 ) !
𝟐𝟓 ! 𝟐𝟓 ∙𝟐𝟒 ∙𝟐𝟑 ∙ 𝟐𝟐 !
𝑷 ( 𝟐𝟓 , 𝟑 ) = ¿
(𝟐𝟓 − 𝟑 ) ! 𝟐𝟐 !
¿ 𝟏𝟑, 𝟖𝟎𝟎ways
Example 4.
In how many ways can 7 different
books be arranged in a shelf?
Suppose that only 4 out of the 7
books would be arranged in the shelf.
Therefore, there are 5,040 ways of arranging 7
different books in a shelf. Also, there are 840
ways of arranging 4 books out of 7 books
B. Evaluate the following.
1. ¿ 𝟔𝟎 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
2. ¿ 𝟓𝟔 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
3. ¿ 𝟑𝟎 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
4. ¿ 𝟑𝟔𝟐 ,𝟖𝟖𝟎 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
5. ¿ 𝟖𝟒𝟎 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔
 Fonts & colors used
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