9 Contents:

DIFFERENTIATE
CANCER AND
CARCINOGEN
( Consumer Chemistry Q4 -
Medicine )

BY: GROUP
IV
 DEFINITION OF CANCER
 Cancer is a disease
characterized by the
uncontrolled growth and
spread of abnormal cells in
the body.
 These cells can form tumors,
invade nearby tissues, and
spread to other parts of the
body through the
bloodstream or lymphatic
system.
 There are many different
types of cancer, each with its
own causes, risk factors,
symptoms, and treatment
options.
 Cancer can develop in any
part of the body and can
have serious consequences if
not detected and treated
early.
 DEFINITION OF CANCER
 Common risk factors for
cancer include tobacco use,
unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, exposure to
carcinogens (such as
asbestos or ultraviolet
radiation), certain
infections (such as HPV and
hepatitis) and genetic
predisposition.
 Common symptoms may
include unexplained weight
loss, persistent fatigue, cough
or hoarseness and presence
of lumps in the body.
 The exact cause of cancer is
often complex and involves a
combination of genetic,
environmental, and lifestyle
factors.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 There are over 100 different
types of cancer, each
characterized by the type of
cell or tissue where the
cancer originates.
 Each type of cancer may
require different
approaches to diagnosis and
treatment.
 Some common types of
cancer includes:
• Breast Cancer
• Lung Cancer
• Prostate Cancer
• Colorectal Cancer
• Skin Cancer
• Bladder Cancer
• Stomach Cancer
• Liver Cancer
• Cervical Cancer
• Thyroid Cancer and etc.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 Breast Cancer - Most
commonly affects women
but can also occur in men.
Gender, age, family history
and genetic mutations are
some risk factors of breast
cancer. Some symptoms are
lump in the breast, changes
in shape and swelling.
 Lung Cancer - Often linked
to smoking but can also
occur in non-smokers. Risk
factors may include
smoking, air pollution and
certain lung diseases.
Symptoms includes
persistent cough, coughing
up blood, chest pain and
fatigue.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 Prostate Cancer - Primarily
affects men and typically
grows slowly. Some factors
are race/ ethnicity, genetics
and diet.Symptoms can
include difficulty urinating,
blood in the urine and pain
in the pelvis, hips, or back.
 Colorectal Cancer - affects
the colon or rectum and is
often associated with age
and lifestyle factors. Risk
factors include lifestyle and
inflammatory bowel
diseases. Some symptoms
are rectal bleeding
abdominal discomfort and
vomiting.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 Skin Cancer - it begins in  Bladder Cancer - more
the skin cells and it is common in older adults and
caused by ultraviolet often associated with
radiation from the sun or smoking. It is caused by
tanning beds. It includes chemical exposure, chronic
melanoma (deadliest form) bladder infections and etc..
and non-melanoma. Some syptoms are painful
Symptoms includes sores urination, blodd in urine
that don’t heal. and pelvic pain.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 Stomach Cancer - also
known as gastric cancer, it
develops in the lining of the
stomach. Risk factors
include infection with
Helicobacter pylori bacteria,
smoking and certain dietary
factors. Symptoms includes
abdominal pain, indigestion
and heartburn.
 Liver Cancer - also known
as hepatic cancer, often
linked to chronic hepatitis
B or C infections, excessive
alcohol consumption, or
non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease. Symptoms
includes abdominal pain,
jaundice and abdominal
swelling.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF CANCER
 Cervical Cancer - it begins in  Thyroid Cancer - starts in
the cells lining the cervix. the cells of the thyroid
Mainly caused by human gland. It is usually
papillomavirus (HPV) diagnosed at a younger age
infection and can be and has a hogh survival
prevented with vaccination rate. Symptoms are
and screening. Symptom swelling in the neck,
includes weakened immune difficulty swallowing or
system, early sexual activity. breathing and persistent
cough.
 DEFINITION OF CANCER
 These are just a few
examples of common
cancers, but there are many
other types affecting
different organs and tissues
in th body. Early detection
and treatment can
significantly inprove
outcomes for many types of
cancer.
 Treatment for cancer
depends on several factors,
including the type and stage
of cancer, as well as the
patient’s overall health and
preferences. Common
treatment options include
surgery, radiation
therapy,chemotherapy,
immunotherapy and etc..
 DEFINITION OF CARCINOGEN
 These are just a few
examples of common
cancers, but there are many
other types affecting
different organs and tissues
in th body. Early detection
and treatment can
significantly inprove
outcomes for many types of
cancer.
 Treatment for cancer
depends on several factors,
including the type and stage
of cancer, as well as the
patient’s overall health and
preferences. Common
treatment options include
surgery, radiation
therapy,chemotherapy,
immunotherapy and etc..