GOOD MORNING,

CLASS!
REVIEW
 LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of 60-minute period students
would be able to:
a. define axiomatic system; and
b. illustrate the defined and undefined
terms.
ACTIVITY: UNSCRAMBLE ME!
Direction: Arrange the unscramble letter to
form the corresponding words.
Clue: It is a logical system which possess
an explicitly stated set of axioms from which
theorems can be derived.

METSYS CITAMOIXA
Do you think you can compare the structure of
axiomatic system to a tree?
EXPLORE
Roots correspond to the undefined and
defined terms because these are the basic
terms from which statements in the
axiomatic system are made.
They are combined in various ways into a
statement called the definitions.
The trunk of the tree corresponds to the
axioms or postulates while the branches
growing out of that trunk are the theorems.

Axioms are the statements that serve as a

starting point for the system.
 AXIOMATIC SYSTEM PROPERTIES
1. Consistency- An axiomatic system is
said to be consistent if there are no axiom
or theorem that contradict each other.
Ex. Axiom statement: There exist two lines that are
parallel.

Negation: No two lines are parallel

Therefore, the statement is inconsistent.
 AXIOMATIC SYSTEM PROPERTIES
2. Independence - In an axiomatic system,
an axiom or postulate is said to be
independent if it is not a theorem that follows
the other axioms. It is not a theorem that can
be derived or cannot be proven true using
other axioms in the system.

- - It is not a necessary requirement for

an axiomatic system.
 AXIOMATIC SYSTEM PROPERTIES
3. Completeness - an axiomatic system is
complete if for every statement , either itself
or its negation, is derivable in that system. In
other words, every statement is capable of
being proven true or false.
 UNDEFINED TERMS
POINT- something having specific
position but it has no dimension.
LINE – one-dimensional figure with
infinite numbers of points, no specific
length, without width nor thickness.
PLANE – a flat surface where infinite
numbers of lines can lie.
 DEFINED TERMS
Space – set of all points boundless and
three dimensional
Collinear Points – set of points that lie on
the same line.
Noncollinear Points – set of points do not
lie on the same plane.
 DEFINED TERMS
Space – set of all points boundless and three
dimensional
Collinear Points – set of points that lie on the
same line.
Noncollinear Points – set of points do not lie
on the same plane.
ABC are collinear
points while ABD
are noncollinear
points.
 DEFINED TERMS
Coplanar points are points on the same
plane.
 DEFINED TERMS
Definition of Between
Point U is said to be between F and N if and
only if F, U, and N are distinct points of the
same line and FU + UN = FN.
 DEFINED TERMS
Definition of Angle
An angle is the union of two noncollinear
rays with a common endpoint.
 DEFINED TERMS
Definition of Congruent Angles
Two angles are congruent if and only if their
measures are equal.
 Axioms or Postulates
 A statement assumed to be true even
without further proof.
Reflexive property: a=a
Symmetric property: if a=b, then b=a
Transitive property: if a=b and b=c, then
a=c
 Axioms or Postulates
Ex.
Addition Property of Equality: If
equals are added to equals, the sums
are equal.
If a=b and c=c, then a+c=b+c
Multiplication Property of Equality: if
equals are multiplied to equals, the
products are equal.
If a=b and c=c, then a(c)= b(c)
 Axioms of Equality
1. Transitive Axiom
- Quantities that are equal to the same
quantity are equal.
Example:
If a=b and b=c, then a=c
 Axioms of Equality
2. Substitution Axiom
- A quantity may be substituted for its
equal in any expression or equation.
Example:
If x=2 and y=2x+1, then
y=2(2)+1=5
 Axioms of Equality
3. Partition Axiom
- A whole is equal to the sum of its parts.

4. Reflexive Axiom
- A quantity is equal to itself.
Example:
a=a
 Axioms of Equality
5. Addition Axiom
- If the same quantity is added to two
equal quantities, the sums are equal.
Example:
If a=b, then a+c = b+c
 Axioms of Equality
6. Subtraction Axiom
- If the same quantity is subtracted from
two equal quantities, the differences are
equal.
Example:
If a=b, then a-c = b-c
 Axioms of Equality
7. Multiplication Axiom
- If the same quantity is multiplied to two
equal quantities, the products are equal.
Example:
If a=b, then ac = bc
 Axioms of Equality
8. Division Axiom
- If two equal quantities are divided by
the same quantity, the quotients are equal.
Example:
If a=b, then a/b = b/c
 Axioms of Equality
9. Power Axiom
- If two equal quantities are raised to the
same exponent, the powers are equal.
Example:
 Axioms of Equality
10. Root Axiom
- If the roots (same index) of two equal
quantities are equal.
Example:
 Example 1
If square ABCD is congruent to square
EFGH, what axiom is needed to prove
that AB = GH?
 Example 1
Solution:
A square has four equal sides. This
means that AB = BC = CD = AD and
EF = FG = GH = EX. Since the two
squares are congruent, AB = EF, BC =
FG, CD = GH, and AD = EH. Then by
the transitive axiom, since AB = CD
and CD = GH, it follows that AB = GH.
 LET’S PRACTICE
GROUP ACTIVITY
1. Albert has two rectangular gardens of the
same length. He added 3 meters to the length
of the other so that they still have the same
length. What axiom of equality was shown by
Albert?

2. If x=3, what is the value of y=10x-20?

Generalization Activity: Complete Me!
 EVALUATION
I. Direction: Tell whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.
Write your answer directly.
______1. An axiomatic system consists of undefined terms, defined
terms, axioms, and theorems.
______2. An axiomatic system is a logical system which possess an
explicitly stated set of axioms from which theorems can be derived.
______3. The undefined terms are composed of point, line and plane.

II. ENUMERATION
4-7. Give the three properties of axiomatic system.
8-10. Give at least 3 axiom of equality.
GOODBYE, CLASS!