17.vision 2020

VISION 2020 and
BEYONG
Tuesday, April 30, 2024 1

And beyond

What is Vision?
•It is the mental picture of the future.
•It is an idea of what the future can

hold but has not yet happened.

VISION 2020 was a global initiative
• It aimed to eliminate avoidable blindness by the year
2020.
• It was launched on 18 February 1999 by the World

Health Organization together with the more than 20
international non-governmental organisations
involved in eye care and prevention and management
of blindness that comprise the International Agency
for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB).
•VISION 2020 was a partnership
that provided guidance,
technical and resource
support to countries that have
formally adopted its agenda.
The priorities for VISION 2020 were
based on the facts that:
•75% of blindness and visual

impairment occurs in the
poor and very poor
communities of the world
The priorities for VISION 2020 are
• 80% of blindness and visual impairment is a result of five
preventable or treatable conditions (
1. cataract,
2. refractive errors and low vision,
3. trachoma,
4. onchocerciasis and
5. causes of childhood blindness).
• For each of them there is a cost-effective intervention.

• If priority was given, at the global level,
to improving eye care services for
neglected communities, and to targeting
these five diseases, then in 2020, it was
calculated that instead of more than 75
million blind people the number can
be reduced to less than 25 million.
• Primary health care workers were ideally placed to
identify blind and visually impaired people in the
community.
• With additional training they can diagnose and refer

patients to the appropriate eye care workers and
provide basic treatment for simple eye diseases

The components:
1. Human resource development - people
•Minimum requirements:
Community worker 1 per 10 000 population
Ophthalmic assistant/nurse 1 per 100 000 Population
Ophthalmologist/cataract surgeon 1 per 250 000 Population
2. Infrastructure development - financial resources
3. Disease control - effective interventions, delivered efficiently and

equitably
Mission
•The mission of the VISION 2020

Global Initiative is to eliminate
the main causes of all
preventable and treatable
blindness as a public health
issue by the year 2020.
AIM:
•“To intensify and accelerate

present prevention of blindness
activities so as to achieve the
goal of eliminating avoidable
blindness by the year 2020”
Core strategies
Disease control: facilitate the implementation of specific
programmes to control and treat the major causes of blindness.
Human resource development: support training of

ophthalmologists and other eye care personnel to provide eye
care.
Infrastructure and appropriate technology development:

assist to improve infrastructure and technology to make eye care
more available and accessible.
Global blindness definition.
• Normal 6/6 to 6/18
• Visual impairment <6/18 to 6/60
• Severe visual impairment<6/60 to 3/60
• Blindness <3/60
•In the better eye with the
best available correction
•v

Infrastructure
• •Development of:
• -Delivery systems
• -Clinics
• -Access to equipment
• -Access to consumable and appliances eg. Spectacle frames at
affordable rates

VISION 2020 PERSONNEL IN EYE
CARE
• Ophthalmologists
• Cataract Surgeons
• Optometrists and Refractionists
• Ophthalmic Assistants / Nurses
• Community Workers
• Managers & Administrative Personnel

CONTROL OF BLINDNESS - SERVICE
ORIENTED APPROACH
• • Primary eye care = Training
• • Secondary eye care = supervision
• • Tertiary eye care = support - referral chain

CONTROL OF BLINDNESS - STRATEG
Y ORIENTED APPROACH
• • Promotive - Health education
• • Preventive - Immunisation
• • Curative - Cataract, glaucoma, refractive
errors, diabetic retinopathy
• • Rehabilitation - Assessment, education,
integration, vocational training for incurably
blind
Summary
•VISION 2020 made a huge difference
to global eye health.
•It created a major focus in the

countries and districts where action is
needed.
Disease Primary level of Secondary level of Tertiary level of care
care care
Community Cataract-Surgeon Specialist
worker Centre
Cataract Screen + refer Diagnose + operate Teach & operate
Glaucoma “Screen”+ refer Diagnose + treat Teach & manage
Diabetic Refer diabetics Examine; maybe treat Examine + laser for

retinopathy Create register or refer sight threatening DR
Screening for DR Complex vitreo retinal
surgery
Trachoma S - Refer TT  Assess  Assess
A - Treat TI / TF  Teach S.A.F.E.  Plan S.A.F.E.
F - Teach  Do lid surgery  Teach lid surgery
E – Promote
Onchocerciasis Community  Assess  Assess

Mectizan  Supervise CMD  Plan CMD
Distribution
Capsule distribution  Assess  Assess

Vitamin A Diet education  Supervise CDG  Plan CDG
deficiency Garden promotion

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VISION 2020 and

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 1

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 5

•It is the mental picture of the future.

•It is an idea of what the future can

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 6

• It was launched on 18 February 1999 by the World

•75% of blindness and visual

• For each of them there is a cost-effective intervention.

• With additional training they can diagnose and refer

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 16

2. Infrastructure development - financial resources

3. Disease control - effective interventions, delivered efficiently and

•The mission of the VISION 2020

•“To intensify and accelerate

Human resource development: support training of

Infrastructure and appropriate technology development:

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 32

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 37

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 38

Tuesday, April 30, 2024 40

•It created a major focus in the

Glaucoma “Screen”+ refer Diagnose + treat Teach & manage

Diabetic Refer diabetics Examine; maybe treat Examine + laser for

Onchocerciasis Community  Assess  Assess

Capsule distribution  Assess  Assess

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