ANTHROPOLOGY

Nature and Scope of

Anthropology
The study of human’s past and present.
This aims to describe and explain human variation or the
observed similarities and differences in people through time
and across space. Anthropology draws and builds upon the
knowledge from the social and biological as well as the
humanities and physical sciences to understand the
full sweep and complexity of cultures across all human of
history.
 Branches of Description
Anthropology
• Studies human cultures, beliefs, ideas,
technologies, economics, practices, values,
and other spheres of social and rational
1. Cultural organization. This branch is primarily based
Anthropology on cultural understanding gained through
actual experiences, or participant observations
of the human population.
• Deals with biological and behavioral aspects
2. Physical of human beings. It focuses on their
Anthropology relationships to non-human primates and their
extinct hominid ancestors.
 • Studies both the ancient and recent past of
3. humans through the material remains, such as
Archaeology artifacts, fossils, and bone fragments.

4. • Studies the relations between language and

Linguistics culture in relation to human biology, human
Anthropolog reasoning, and human language.
y
• Deals with the application of anthropological
5. Applied facts, perspectives, theories, and procedures in
Anthropolog identifying, assessing, and solving social
Goals of anthropology
• Discover what all people have in common by
studying commonalities (folklores, traditions,
language, etc.) in all humanity, we could understand
more about the human’s nature. Produce new
knowledge and new theories about humankind and
human behavior, which are then applied in an
attempt to alleviate human challenges.
• Determine what makes people different from one
another in order to understand and preserve
diversity.
“What does it mean to be a Filipino and a
citizen of the world?
• It aims to make “the strange familiar and familiar
strange” and challenges individuals to evaluate and
criticize their own culture. This is important so that
people will be aware of the faults in their own
culture and make necessary changes for its
betterment.
 PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY

Derived from two Greek

words Anthropos and logos, which
intensively studies humans and the
respective cultures where they are born and
actively belong to.
 Franz Boaz
- Father of American Anthropology
He initially obtained college degree in
physics, strongly believed that the same
method and strategy could be applied in
measuring culture and human behavior while
conducting research among humans including
the uniqueness of their behavior.
 Two early American Anthropologist, Alfred
Kroeber and William Henry Morgan, became
prominent in the field since their specialization included
the championing of indigenous rights like traditional
cultural preservation and ancestral domain of American
Indian tribes they intensively studied.
 Period Anthropology
Communication: That the Philippines had been civilized long
before the Spaniards' arrival is evidenced by an ancient form of
Period Anthropology
Communication: That the Philippines had been civilized long before
the Spaniards' arrival is evidenced by an ancient form of Tagalog that

Tagalog that has a conventional writing system known as

has a conventional writing system known as Baybayin.

Transportation:

Baybayin. Pre-

Spanish
Kalesa (from the

Spanish word calesa) were first introduced to the Philippines in the

1700s by the Spanish.

Dances: Some of the folk dances with Spanish influence are

Estudiantina,

Pre- Spanish
Mazurka Boholana, Mazurka Mindorena and Polka sa Nayon.

Transportation: Kalesa (from theSpanish word calesa) were

first introduced to the Philippines in the 1700s by the Spanish.
Communication: An Indigenous form of communication was already
in existence evidenced by writings on barks and bamboos.

Transportation:

Dances: Some of the folk dances with Spanish influence are

Spanish
Kalesa (from the

Spanish word calesa) were first introduced to the Philippines in the

1700s by the Spanish.

Estudiantina, Dances: Some of the folk dances with Spanish influence are
Estudiantina, Mazurka Boholana,

Mazurka Boholana, Mazurka Mindorena and Polka sa

Nayon.
 Communication: An Indigenous form of communication
was alreadyCommunication:
in existence evidenced by writings on barks
An Indigenous form of communication was already in existence evidenced by writings
and bamboos.
on barks and bamboos.

Transportation:

Spanish
Spanish
Kalesa (from the

Transportation: Kalesa(s) (from the Spanish word

Spanish word calesa) were first introduced to the Philippines in the 1700s by the Spanish.

calesa) wereDances:
firstSomeintroduced to the
of the folk dances with Spanish Philippines
influence inBoholana,
are Estudiantina, Mazurka the
1700s by the Spanish.

Dances: Some of the folk dances with Spanish influence

are Estudiantina, Mazurka Boholana, Mazurka
Mindorena and Polka sa Nayon.
 Communication: The American Colonial Pe riod: 1898-
1946.
The American regime saw the introduction of new newspapers.
Mazurka Mindorena and Polka sa Nayon.

Communication: The American Colonial Pe riod: 1898-1946.

Transportation: during the American-colonial period

The American regime saw the introduction of new newspapers.

American
Transportation: during the American-colonial period (1898-1913)
mobility and public health became intertwined policy areas, Innovations
in transport technology.

(1898-1913) mobility and public health became intertwined

Americ an Dances: In 1898, the

United States colonized the Philippines. Social dances also became part
of the repertoire on stage, such as the Charleston, foxtrot, big apple,
one-step, slowdrag, the Latininfluenced tango, rumba, samba, mambo
and chacha.

policy areas, Innovations in transport technology.

Communication: felt a need not only to communicate the ideas
about modern communication. Understandings of the self, the
family, religion, and society are.

Dances: In 1898, the United States colonized the

Transportation: The highly fragmented public transport system is
dependent on outdated, often small-scale roadbased vehicles and is

dominated by jeepneys

Philippines. Social dances also became part of the repertoire on

Modern

Society

Dances:

stage, such as the Charleston, foxtrot, big apple, one-step,

Anthropological studies fr om the early 1970s stressed the ritual
reversals, parody, and satire inherent in festivals and ritual dramas of
many societies.

slowdrag, the Latininfluenced tango, rumba, samba, mambo

and chacha.
 Communication: Felt a need not only to communicate
the ideas about modern communication. Understandings
of the self, the family, religion, and society are.

Modern Transportation: The highly fragmented public transport

Society system is dependent on outdated, often small-scale
roadbased vehicles and is
dominated by jeepneys

Dances: Anthropological studies fr om the early 1970s

stressed the ritual reversals, parody, and satire inherent in
festivals and ritual dramas of many societies.
Thank
you!!!