Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

Presented By Akhil Sharma Deep Lomesh Shah Technische Universitt Chemnitz Master Micro and Nano Systems Second Semester
Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

There are two main types of security systems Active security system Passive security system Active security systems They work for prevention of crash/accident. e.g. ESP , ABS, ACC, TCS, TPM, EBD, CBC, Headlights, Reflectors, Suspensions, Infrared night vision etc. Passive security systems They work after the crash has taken place e.g. airbags, seatbelts, laminated windshield, crumple zones, PPS, padding the instrumental panel etc.

Source : Google Image

Source : Jeopardylabs.com
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Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

Anti-lock Braking System(ABS)

Electronic Stability Program(ESP)

Sensors For Active Security System

Traction Control System(TCS)

Autonomous Cruise Control(ACC)

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)

What is ABS ?
An anti-lock braking system is a safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to continue interacting tractively with the road surface as directed by driver steering inputs while braking.

Therefore, preventing the wheels from locking (that is ceasing rotation) and therefore avoiding skidding.

Source : www.carazoo.com
Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Components Of ABS
ABS comprises of following -

ABS

Wheel Sensor

ABS Control Module

Hydraulic Pump and Pressure Release Valves

Brake Pipe

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Components Of ABS
Wheel sensors The speed sensors, which are located at each wheel provide information to ABS control module when a wheel is about to lock up. .ABS Control Module It is an ECU type unit in the car/vehicle which receives information from each individual wheel speed sensor. When a wheel loses traction the signal is sent to the controller, the controller will then limit the brake force (EBD) and activate the ABS modulator which actuates the braking valves on and off. Valves There is a valve in the brake pipe of each brake controlled by the ABS. Pump When a valve reduces the pressure in a pipe, the pump maintains the pressure back to the normal in the pipe.

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Schematic showing ABS inside a vehicle

A : Wheel sensor B : ABS control module C : Hydraulic pump & pressure release valves D : Brake pipe

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Operation Principle
STEP 1: Heavy brakes applied, observe green wheel(A). STEP 2: ABS control module(B) activated, signal sent to brake pressure valve(C) to lower the pressure in the corresponding brake pipe(D). STEP 3: Lowering of pressure in brake pipe(D),causing brake caliper to loosen the grip.

1. Brake caliper

2. Wheel speed sensor

STEP 4: Pressure built up again using hydraulic pump (C).

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

. A) Example : Car without ABS on slippery surface. Without ABS, as driver applies brakes, wheels lock (1). Despite applying steering lock, car continues straight ahead due to the loss of steering control (2) and a collision results.

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

. A) Example : Car with ABS on slippery surface. In the diagram above, the driver hits the brakes hard on a slippery surface (1), then steers (2), and successfully manages to avoid the obstacle. ABS prevents the wheels from locking, and this allows you steer.

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Visualising ABS inside the vehicle

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Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Sensors For Active And Passive Security System

Visualising ABS .

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Autonomous Cruise Control System (ACC)

What is ACC ?
.

Autonomous cruise control is an optional cruise control system appearing on some more upscale vehicles / intelligent cars.

Cruise control (sometimes known as speed control or auto cruise) is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle.

These systems use either a radar or laser setup allowing the vehicle to slow when approaching another vehicle and accelerate again to the preset speed when traffic allows.

Source: www.popsci.com
Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Types Of ACC
. Laser-based systems are significantly lower in cost than radar based systems However, laser based ACC systems do not detect and track vehicles well in adverse weather conditions nor do they track extremely dirty (nonreflective) vehicles very well.

ACC

Radar Type

Laser Type

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Example
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Source: www.carsp.ca
Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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User friendly
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Source: Google Image

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
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