Epeirogenic

forces
: S H A P I N G E A RT H ’ S
S U R FA C E
 The Word epeirogeny was coined by G.K Gilbert
in 1890

The epeirogenetic word consists of two word

viz.’epiros’(meaning continent) and
Epeirogeneti genesis(meaning origin)

c movement Epeirogenetic movement causes upliftment and

subsidence of continental masses through
downward and upward movements

Both are vertical movement and affect large part of

the continent
 Definition of Epeirogenetic forces

Epeirogenic forces refer to the slow,

long-term vertical movements of the
Earth's crust, which result in the
eperiogenic forces act over geologic
gradual uplift or subsidence of large
time scales and are responsible for the
landmasses over millions of years.
overall elevation changes of large
These forces play a significant role in
regions of the Earth's crust.
shaping the Earth's surface, including
the formation of continents, mountain
ranges, and basins.
 Types of epeirogenetic Movement

2).Downward movement-
1).Upward movement- Upwarps
Downwarps are the opposite of
are gentle, broad arches or
upwarps, creating troughs or
domes formed by the uplift of
basins due to the subsidence of
the Earth’s crust. These uplifts
the Earth’s crust. Like upwarps,
occur over large areas and result
downwarps can affect large areas
in the elevation of the land
and lead to the formation of low-
surface
lying regions.
 Upwarp movement refers to the gradual uplift of large
landmasses or regions of the Earth’s crust, resulting in the
formation of gentle, broad arches or domes. This uplift occurs
over geological time scales and can be attributed to various
epeirogenetic forces
Explanation- Upwarp movement typically occurs due to the
Upward slow and steady upward deformation of the Earth’s crust,
often driven by processes such as mantle upwelling, isostatic
rebound, or tectonic forces. As the crust undergoes uplift, it
movement forms broad arches or domes, leading to the elevation of the
land surface.

Example- Aravalli Range serves as a notable example of

upward movement in India
 Downward movement refers to the gradual subsidence or
sinking of the Earth’s crust, leading to the formation of
depressions or basins. This subsidence can occur due to
various epeirogenetic forces and is typically characterized
by the gradual downward displacement of crustal blocks.

Explanation- Downward movement involves the gradual

Downward sinking or subsidence of the Earth’s crust, resulting in the
formation of basins or depressions. This subsidence can be
movement caused by a variety of geological processes, including
mantle downwelling, sediment loading, or tectonic forces.

Example-the formation of the Damodar River Basin serves

as an example of downward movement in India
 Formation of Continental Features: Epeirogenic forces
play a crucial role in the formation and evolution of
continents. The gradual uplift and subsidence of crustal
blocks contribute to the growth and shaping of
continents over geological time scales.

Effects of Basin Formation: Epeirogenic forces can also lead to

the formation of sedimentary basins through subsidence
Epeirogeneti of the Earth’s crust. These basins provide favorable
conditions for the accumulation of sedimentary
c movements deposits, including oil, gas, and mineral resources.

Changes in Sea Level: Epeirogenic forces can influence

sea levels by causing the uplift or subsidence of coastal
regions. Changes in sea level can impact coastal
ecosystems, habitats, and shoreline stability.
 Conclusion
In Conclusion, epeirogenic forces are slow,
vertical movements of the Earth’s crust that
have significant implications for shaping
the planet’s surface over geological time
scales. These forces, which include both
upward uplift and downward subsidence,
play a crucial role in the formation of
continents, mountain ranges, basins, and
other geological features.
Understanding epeirogenic forces is
essential for gaining insights into Earth’s
geological history, predicting future
changes in its surface features, and
addressing various geological and
environmental challenges. By studying
these forces, scientists can better
comprehend the dynamic processes that
shape our planet and inform strategies for
sustainable development and resource
management.
 Thank you

SUBMITTED BY- SUBMITTED TO-

MUDDIT PREET MR. KULDEEP