CHEMISTRY

BY SANJANA AND AARNA

 DRIVING QUESTION
What are the neurological effects of chronic exposure to
neurotoxic metals like manganese and aluminum, and how
do these impact populations living in urban areas with high
levels of air pollution?
ALUMINIUM

MANGANESE
INTRODUCTION
- Neurotoxicity harms the brain and nerves.

- Disrupts thinking, behavior, and movement.

- Can cause diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.

NEUROLOGICAL EFFECT

● Urban air pollution exposes people to neurotoxic

metals like manganese, aluminium, lead, mercury, and
cadmium.
● This exposure can harm brain and reproductive health.

● Accumulated metals disrupt neurological function,

causing cognitive impairment, developmental delays,
and nerve damage.
 ● MANGANESE EFFECTS

- Neurological: Chronic manganese exposure mimics Parkinson's.

- Respiratory: Inhaling manganese dust or fumes causes breathing
issues.
- Developmental: High prenatal manganese affects fetal
development.
 ALUMINIUM EFFECTS
- Neurotoxicity: Aluminum linked to Alzheimer's.

- Respiratory Effects: Inhaled aluminum irritates lungs.

- Bone Disorders: High exposure disrupts calcium absorption, causing bone

issues.
 DISEASE CAUSED BY
MANGANESE:
- Manganism:
- Symptoms include:
- Tremors
- Muscle rigidity
- Bradykinesia (slowed movements)
- Balance and coordination difficulties
- Hepatic Encephalopathy:
- Symptoms include:
- Cognitive impairment
- Confusion
- Neuromuscular abnormalities
ALUMINIUM
- Alzheimer's Disease:

- Memory loss and cognitive decline.

- Brain cell degeneration.

- Main symptoms: memory loss, confusion.

- No cure.

- Parkinson's Disease:

- Movement disorder with tremors.

- Reduced dopamine levels from nerve damage.

- Symptoms: tremors, slow movement, stiffness, balance loss.

- Often starts with hand tremor.

 Metal Exposure Neurological Symptom Number of Reported Cases

Manganese Neuroinflammation 25

Manganese Cognitive Impairment 30

Manganese Motor Dysfunction 20

Aluminum Neuroinflammation 15

Aluminum Memory Loss 10

Aluminum Neuropathy 12
 CONCLUSION
- Urban pollution exposes to neurotoxic metals.
- Manganese impairs cognition and movement.
- Aluminum harms memory.
- Urgent pollution reduction needed for health.
REFERENCE LINKS

World Health Organization (WHO)

PubMed
Government health agencies
PsychGuides.com