PLATO’S

Ideal state
a theoretical concept of a just
and harmonious society
governed by philosopher-kings,
characterized by a hierarchical
division of citizens into classes
based on their innate abilities
and dedication to the pursuit of
truth, wisdom, and virtue.
 Justice
believed justice meant each
part of society fulfilling its
role harmoniously. He
envisioned a just society
led by philosopher-kings
guided by wisdom and
virtue, promoting fairness
and order.
Morality harmony
emphasized the importance Plato aimed for harmony
of cultivating virtuous within individuals and
qualities in individuals. He society. He described a
proposed an education balanced state with three
system that nurtured classes: rulers, warriors,
wisdom, courage, and producers, each
moderation, and justice to contributing to the whole
achieve moral excellence. like a well-functioning
body.
 Three classes of society
(Philosopher-kings) (Auxiliaries)
Rulers warriors
Govern with wisdom, Defend the state and
pursue truth, and possess uphold its values. They
knowledge. Their rule exhibit courage, discipline,
ensures just decisions and loyalty, maintaining
based on understanding the order and protecting the
greater good. society.
(Artisans, farmers, etc.)
producers
Provide resources and
necessities. Their work
contributes to the society's
material needs, allowing
the other classes to fulfill
their roles.
 • Harmony within the
The role of justice
individuals
in an ideal state
 • Harmony within the
The role of justice
individuals
in an ideal state
• Harmony within Society
 • Harmony within the
The role of justice
individuals
in an ideal state
• Harmony within Society
• Functional Harmony
 “Good people do not need laws to tell
them to act responsibly, while bad people
will find a way around the laws.”