Humanistic Approach

Abraham Maslow and Carl roger

Humanism
Approach that focus on human experience, problems ,
potential and ideals
Human nature: traits , qualities , potentials and behavior
patterns most characteristics of humans
Free choice: ability to choose that is not controlled by
genetics learning or unconscious forces.
Subjective experience: private perception of reality
introducation
Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist
(1908-1970)
He is known for his work in humanistic psychology.
He developed the hierarchy of needs, emphasizing
the importance of fulfilling basic needs before
advancing to higher levels of personal growth and
fulfillment
Abraham Maslow
He is considered father of the humanistic movement.
He observed the lives of healthy and creative people to
develop is theory.
Hierarchy of need: the motivational component of
Maslow theory in which our innate needs, which
motivate our actions, are hierarchy arranged.
Self actualization: the fullest realization of person's
potential
Cont.
• Co-founder of humanistic psychology with Carl
Rogers
• Believed we are all biologically driven to achieve self-
actualization.
• Came up with hierarchy of needs theory that is most
important humanistic theory
Hierarchy of need
Carl Roger’s humanistic approach
American psychologist.( 1902-1987)
He believe that personality formed as a result of out
striving to reach our full human potential.
His personality theory emphasize on self- actualizing
tendency in shaping human personality
Humanistic psychology & theories of subjective
experience
He believed that person reacts to changes in their
phenomenal field, which includes external objects, people
internal thoughts and emotions.
Self actualization tendency
Refers to a persons basic instinct to succeed at his or
highest possible capacity.
Human potentials and free will.
Fully functioning person: lives in harmony with his/her
deepest feelings and impulses
Concept of self
Self worth/ Condition of worth: behaviors and attitude
for which others people , starting with our parents , will
give us positive regard ( self esteem).
Self worth develop during childhood.
Self-image: total subjective perception of your body and
personality.
How we see our self
We might perceive our self as good or bad etc.
Ideal vs. real self: ideal self is the person that you would
like to be, whereas the real self is the person you actually
are
Concept of self : Congruent vs. incongruent
Congruent: self image similar to ideal self.
More overlap .
Person can self actualized.
Incongruent: self –image n is different to ideal self
Little overlap
Self actualization will be difficult
Positive self vs. negative self
Positive self concept: thinking of oneself as a good,
loveable, worthwhile person. and see the world as a safe
and positive place.
Negative self concept: if a person has a negative self
concept he may feel unhappy and bad about what he is,
and see world as unsafe and negative place
Phenomenal field
He describe phenomenal field as person’s subjective
reality.
Motivation and environment of a person act on his
phenomenal field.
When a person interact with the environment and
others , he form a structure of self concept which is
organized , conceptual pattern, fluid, concepts and
values related to self.
Person centered perspective
People are basically good
A person need genuineness, acceptance
( unconditional positive regard) and empathy
Fully functioning / good life
A growing openness to experience
An increasingly existential lifestyle
Self trust
 freedom of choice
Higher level of creativity
Conntribution
Self perception is the key to personality
Consider the positive aspect of human nature
Emphasize conscious experience