War Of Independence 1857

War Of Independence 1857

War of Independence is an important landmark in
the history of Sub-Continent.

This War was fought in 1857 by Indians against the British in order to get rid of their domination. It is also given names as Indian Rebellion, Indian Mutiny as well as Indian Revolt.
Background of Mutiny

East India Company which still ruled India on the behalf of British.
Educational policies of EIC.
Spread of Christianity all over Sub-Continent.
Causes Of War

Following are the main causes of War of Independence 1857.

 Political
 Economic
Religious and Social
Greased Cartridges
Military
Political Causes
 Doctrine of Lapse was
introduced by Lord
Dalhousie
 The mistreatment of
Mughal Emperor Bahadur
Shah Zafar
 Lord Dalhousie moved the
capital from Delhi
Economic Causes
 British imposed high taxes
on Indians
 British filled Indian market
with cheap mass produced
goods
 British also made the salary
of their Indian soldiers low.
Religious and Social
Cause
 Christian monks used to
spread their religion in all
over the Sub-continent.
 These monks insulted the
religion of the Indians.
 British treated Indians as
they are uneducated and
uncivilized people.
 Greased Cartridges
 In January 1857 the British
announced that they would
introduce a new rifle with a
paper cartridge covered
with grease to keep the
powder dry and before the
cartridge would be loaded
the end had to be bitten
off.
 Bullet grease was made up
of Cow and pigs fat.
 Hindus religion forbids cow
fat while Muslims religion
forbids pigs fat.
Military Causes
 None of the Indian soldiers
were appointed as army
officer.
 Indians were forced to
convert into Christianity
before they could be made
the Officers.
 Low salaries for Indian
soldiers.
 Major Events Of 1857
January 1857 ,British announced that they would introduce a new rifle with a paper
cartridge covered with grease to keep the powder dry and before the cartridge would
be loaded the end had to be bitten off.
Bullets were made from Cows and Pigs fat. Therefore Indian soldiers denied to use
those bullets as were forbidden by religion to even touch them.
 At the same time, an Indian sepoy Mangal Pandey killed two British officers at
Barrackpore, when he was forced to use greased cartridges. He was arrested and
hanged to death on April 8, 1857. This news spread as fast as jungle fire.
In September Delhi was regained and Bahdur Shah was put into life time prison.
Areas of War

This war was not spread throughout India but it was limited to few areas.
Meerut
 Delhi
Kanpur
Lucknow
Jhansi and Gwalior
Bihar
War of Independence Failure Reasons
British Strength
Lack of Unity
Mutual jealousies
lack of central leadership
 Conclusion

The failure of the war conformed the British masters of India.

East India Company was abolished and the Britain took full control of the Indians
affairs.
In 1877 the Queen Victoria was given the title as Empress of India.
Mughal royal family decade away.
 After the War ,British stopped funding Muslim schools. As Muslims were not ready to
accept British educational system.
Hindus became friendly with the British and very quickly learned to speak English.
After 1857 British did not trust the Indians, British did not allow Indians to have their
own weapons.
The Control of the British in India was now unchallenged.
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