Prepared by Jasmine F.

Chua
•Is the largest family in actual
numbers
• Has four members
• Each has four strings
• Are bowed or plucked
Bowed Plucked
Violin Viola

Cello
Double Bass
VIOLIN
Smallest string instrument in
the orchestra
High sound.
Four strings.
Use a stick called a “bow” or
“Pizzicato” (pluck to play)
VIOLA
This may look like a violin,
but It’s a bit larger in size.

 It is also in the "middle

register" of the string family.

 The sound of the viola is

deeper.
CELLO
3rd largest of string
instruments of the orchestra.
Low sound.
Sit to play.
Four strings.
Use a stick called a “bow” or
“Pizzicato” (pluck to play)
DOUBLE BASS

4th largest
Very low sound
Stand to play
Four strings
Use a stick called a “bow” or
“Pizzicato” (pluck to play)
 • Four members.

• Common ancestor is the animal horn.

• Are played by blowing while buzzing lips.
Trumpet
French Horn
Trombone Tuba
TRUMPET
Highest sounding instrument
of the brass family.

“Cup” shape mouthpiece.

“Buzz” lips to play.

3 “keys”or“valves”
TROMBONE
Low sound.
“cup” shape mouthpiece.
“Buzz” lips to play
“Slide” – only instrument
that has slide to change
notes instead of keys.
Trombone means “big
trumpet”.
FRENCH HORN
“Buzz” your lips to play.

Cup shaped mouthpiece.

3 “keys” or “valves”.
TUBA
Lowest sounding instrument
of the brass family.

“Cup” shape mouthpiece.

“Buzz” lips to play

3 “keys” or “valves”.
• All of the members are or once were,
made of wood
• Most of them use reeds on the mouthpiece
The clarinet, oboe and bassoon are wind instruments
that sound when the player's breath causes a reed (a
thin blade of cane) to vibrate, thereby setting up a
sound wave in an enclosed air column.
Flute

Clarinet
Oboe

Saxophone
FLUTE High sound.

Many keys.

No reed, blow “across”

mouthpiece.

Usually made out of metal.

Played sideways.
CLARINET
Single reed instrument.

Medium to high sound.

Has many “keys”.
OBOE
Double reed instrument.

“Nasal” sound.

Many keys.

The oboe is widely used in

classical compositions.
SAXOPHONE Single reed.
Many keys.
Made of metal.
Four sizes:
 -Soprano saxophone
 -Alto saxophone
 -Baritone saxophone
 -Bass saxophone
BASSOON
Double reed instrument
Low sound
Many keys
• Some are pitched
• Some are unpitched
• Percussion instruments may be
played one of three ways:
Struck
Shaken
Scraped
 Pitched instruments

Xylophone
or Bells
Piano
 Unpitched instruments

Cymbals

Bongos Sleigh Bells

 INSTRUMENTAL GROUPS
Symphony orchestra: It is a big group of
instrumentalists which includes string, brass, woodwind
and percussion instruments.

Chamber orchestra: It is a small orchestra designed to

perform in small spaces. Includes around 25 musicians

String orchestra: It only includes string instruments.

Band: It includes all the instruments but no string

instruments.
 Related terms
Conductor: The leader of the orchestra, band or
choir. The conductor stand in front of the group and
directs them in the performance.

Concertmaster: The principal violinist.(orchestra)

 The principal clarinet( band)

Baton: A stick used by conductors to keep time and

guide the players or singers.
Can you name the instruments?
What instrument family do
they belong to?
 Can you name the instruments?

What instrument family do they belong to?

 Can you name the instruments?
What instrument family do they belong to?
 Can you name the instruments?
Are they pitched or unpitched?
What family do these instruments belong to?
 Can you name the instruments?
Are they pitched or unpitched?
What family do these instruments belong to?