INTRODUCTION

TO ETHICS
WHAT IS ETHICS?
• Ethics or moral philosophy can be
provisionally described as the empirical
study of moral
• decisions.
• It is a discipline concerned with what is
morally good and evil, right and wrong.
WHAT IS ETHICS?
• Came from Greek word, ethos, Which
means tradition, habit, character or
attitude.
• Ethics is a systematic analysis of the
nature of human actions.
Normative Ethics and Meta-
Ethics
• The purpose of normative ethics, which
concerns human behavior in general, is to
address our questions about the essence of
human behavior. Normative ethics, by
definition, examine whether or not a
particular act should or should not be
carried out.
Normative Ethics and Meta-
Ethics
• Meta-ethics is a discipline that relies on
meaning. It is a science that is seeking to
address non-moral questions about
morality.
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS
• The study of ethics should consider making it
possible for an individual to fully understand
what his conscience is, how he has gained it,
how far he is willing and able to respect his
outward manifestations with protection, and
how well he can strengthen it and make it even
smarter. Leano Jr. & Gunta-on (2018)
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS
• (1) through ethics people can determine the difference
between right from wrong, good and bad
• (2) people can eliminate actions that do not
conform to what is right;
• (3) people will be very careful to the actions
and decisions to make;
• (4) people will not be disturbed of the internal
and external factors of not doing the right
thing;
• (5) establish good habits of characters of a
person;
• (6) come up to rational decisions in facing an
• ethical dilemma;
• (7) it makes a person responsible in the family,
school and society;
• (8) a person becomes sensitive to the needs of
others more than himself or herself; and
• (9) reminds a person to fully need conscience in
decision making and a person can acknowledge
the actions made.
MORAL and NON-MORAL
STANDARDS
HOW MORAL STANDARS ARE
FORMED
• (1) the moral values or principles that we
conform with, in our rearing;
• (2) the character and manners that imbibed
with us by means of birthright;
• (3) the religious values that our forefathers
taught us;
• (4) the values we learned from school;
HOW MORAL STANDARS ARE
FORMED
• (5) the moral conduct, ways and habits of
those people around us;
• (6) the direct and implied cultural norms;
• (7) our life experiences; and (8) our
critical thinking in these experiences.