Module 2

Lesson 1
The Philippine Revolution

First Cry of the

Philippine Revolution

Balintawak vs. Pugadlawin

 Contextual Analysis of
Sources (Comparative)
Sources
Agoncillo, T.A. (1990). History of the Filipino people.
Quezon City, Philippines: Garotech Publishing.
.

Candelario, J.L., Alporha, C.V., Kunting, A.

(2018). Reading in Philippine History. Rex Book
Bookstore
 Balintawak Pugadlawin

Guillermo Masangkay Teodoro Agoncillo

• one of the original • was a prominent 20th-

members of the century Filipino historian
Katipunan. • Author of Revolt of the
• designated to build Masses: The Story of
the KKK in Cavite. Bonifacio and the
• Friend and adviser Katipunan
of Bonifacio • History of the Filipino
People
What is the meaning of the “CRY”?

Public proclamation (Merriam Dictionary)

Spaniards

“El Grito De Rebelion”

call for a revolution
Marked by the tearing of cedulas
 Historical Context
First Cry of the Philippine
August 19, 1896 Revolution
Discovery of the KKK initial move of the Filipinos to
begin the revolution for
independence

Supremo Bonifacio proceed to a designated meeting place

outside of the city to decide on the next move.
Original plan- revolution to start at the end of August

Early arrest of revolutionaries led to the early plan to revolt

 Masangkay Agoncillo

▪ First Cry-Balintawak ▪ Based his article from Pio Valenzuela’s

narratives
August 26,1896 (1932 ▪ Valenzuela’s accounts published as
interview by the Memoirs of the KKK & the
Revolution
Sunday Tribune ▪ Valenzuela’s first version was the Cry
Magazine) of Balintawak as fresh from his
memory in an inter August 26, 1896

▪ Revolution began on
view by a Spanish investigator
▪ Later with a fading memory and
August 23, 1896 in without consulting written documents
of the Philippine Revolution, he wrote
Pugadlawin (1957 in his Memoirs of the Philippine
Interview with Revolution that the Cry happened in
Bagong Buhay) Pugadlawin August 23, 1896
 Controversy

The focal point of the issue which

calls for a debatable discussion is
based on the textual analysis of
various historical critics, re: the
credibility of sources
“Ano ang Nangyari Sa Sigaw Sa Pugad Lawin? o ang Cry of
Pugad Lawin | Cry of Balintawak”

Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=rDcvxfK7DqI
Whose version is credible?
 In view of the controversy on the tale of
Unang Sigaw, which have been presented
in different versions as early historians and
writers came up with a bewildering array of
dates, places and difference in
interpretation of the term “cry”, the
resulting “Cry of Balintawak” dispute lasted
for decades. As there were some errors
made by early historians on the subject,
wherein historical facts are believed to be
manipulated and distorted.
 Video Clip
Prof. Xiao

⮚ different versions in the dates and

places

August 22, 1896- Kangkong

August 23, 1896- Pugadlawin
August 24, 1896- Bahay Toro
August 26, 1896- Balintawak
 “Xiao Time: Ang Unang Sigaw ng Himagsikan sa
Balintawak, Caloocan”

Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Dtc9q_V8_hs
Prof. Xiao

▪ inconsistencies in the data

▪ Places - all the places mentioned are found in
Balintawak
▪ the cry did not happened in only one place but
in many places which all are located in
Balintawak
▪ According to Guerrero as mentioned by Prof
Xiao, what needs to be remembered is the date
of the establishment of a Filipino government
and not the issue on the cry
 What lessons did you
learn from analyzing the
two (2) sources?
The interpretations are affected by the
following factors:

oversimplification

inadequate evidence

tentativeness
Oversimplification occurs when an interpretation does not
offer enough details to provide a fuller picture of what
happened in the past, which could lead to an incomplete
and inaccurate version of the historical account.

When the historical interpretation is based on

inadequate evidence, we perpetuate a reading of the
past that may have been wrong in the first place.

Historical interpretations are affected by

the tentativeness of history.
Thank You!