WHAT AM I OR

WHAT
SYMBOLIZES
ME?
PEACE
VIOLENCE
 A HOLISTIC
UNDERSTANDING
OF PEACE AND
VIOLENCE
Presented by Group 3
 Topics

Topic 1: Cultural Traditions with a

Broad Concept of Peace

Topic 2: Secular Views/ Concepts of

Peace and Violence
 Topics

Topic 3: Towards a Holistic Concept

of Peace and Violence

Topic 4: Types of Violence

 Topics

Topic 5: A Culture of Peace: A Philippine

Framework Toward a Culture of Peace
 CULTURAL
TRADITIONS WITH A
BROAD CONCEPT OF
PEACE
“irene”- a Greek concept that implies
harmony and justice as well as the absence
of physical violence.

“sala’am”- Arabi
“shalom”- Hebrew
 “shanti”- Sanskrit
• peace of mind, peace on earth

“ping”- Chinese
• harmony, achieving unity out of
diversity
 Holistic view- is also derived from ethical,
cultural and historical roots that have influence
todays peace thinking
SECULAR VIEWS/
CONCEPTS OF
PEACE AND
VIOLENCE
 Hugo Grotius
• simplest and widespread
• absence of war or direct violence
• non-presence of death
 Raymond Aron
• “more or less lasting suspension of
violent modes of rivalry between
political units”
• absence of war or other direct forms
of organized violence
 • Structural Violence- led to death and
suffering that resulted from it:
a. extreme poverty
b. starvation
c. avoidable disease
d. discrimination against minority groups
e. denial of human right
 Johan Galtung
• structural violence occurs when
the wealth affluent nations, group
of individuals
 TOWARDS A
HOLISTIC CONCEPT
OF PEACE AND
VIOLENCE
Peace (Cheng and Kurtz, 1998)
• not simply a lack of war or nonviolence
• the eradication of all facets of injustice

Johan Galtung- proposes that true peace can

only be achieved by addressing all the types of
violence
 Types of Peace
• Positive Peace- presence of just and
non- exploitive relationships
• Negative Peace- absence of
war/violence
 Peace with Nature
• considered as the foundation of
positive peace
TYPES OF
VIOLENCE
 VIOLENCE
• is humanly inflicted harm (Betty Reardon)
• the intentional use of physical force or power,
threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or
against a group or community, that either results in or
has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death,
psychological harm, maldevelopment or deprivation
(World Health Organization in the WRVH)
 Interpersonal
Form of Violence Personal National Global
Community

Conventional war
Suicide Domestic Violence National Inequalities
Direct or Physical Nuclear War
Drug Abuse Violent Crimes Poverty, Hunger
Human Rights Abuses

Structural/ Local Inequalities National Inequalities Global Inequalities

Powerlessness Poverty, Hunger
Economic, Political Poverty, Hunger Poverty, Hunger

Prejudice/Enemy Prejudice/Enemy Prejudice/Enemy

Cultural Denomination Cultural Denomination Cultural Denomination
Alienation
Socio-Cultural/ Racism Racism Racism
Low self-esteem
Sexism Sexism Sexism
Psychological Anxiety
Religious Religious Religious
Intolerance Intolerance Intolerance

Over consumption Over consumption

Over consumption
Ecological Over consumption Pollution Pollution
Pollution
Nuclear power radiation Nuclear power radiation
A CULTURE OF PEACE:
A PHILIPPINE
FRAMEWORK
TOWARD A CULTURE
OF PEACE
 A CULTURE OF PEACE
Unesco's preamble "Since wars begin
in the minds of men, it is the minds of
men that the defenses of peace must be
constructed.“
 UNESCO began the Culture of Peace
Program and it saw the potential of the
program to become a global development. -
is a set of values, attitudes, traditions, modes
of behavior and ways of life that reflect and
inspire:
a. Respect for life and for all human rights;
b. Rejection of violence in all its forms and
commitment to the prevention of violent
conflict by tackling their root causes through
dialogue and negotiation;
c. Commitment to full participation in the
process of equitably meeting the needs of
present and future generations.
d. Promotion of the equal rights and
opportunities of women and men.
e. Recognition of the right of everyone to freedom of
expression, opinion and information.
f. Devotion to principles of freedom, justice,
democracy, tolerance, solidarity, cooperation,
pluralism, cultural diversity, dialogue and
understanding between nations, between ethnic,
religious, cultural and other groups, and between
individuals.
A PHILIPPINE FRAMEWORK TOWARD A
CULTURE OF PEACE
• focuses on promoting peace, reconciliation, unity, and the
rule of law.
• The Office of the Presidential Adviser on Peace,
Reconciliation, and Unity (OPAPRU) plays a key role in
strengthening the culture of peace in the country. They are
pleased with the improvement of the Philippines' ranking in
the 2022 Rule of Law Index of the World Justice Project.
• is developed based on sociopolitical-
psychological perspectives. It incorporates
dimensions of substantive, processual, and
personal peace values and spheres. This
framework aims to describe and promote peace
in the Philippines.
• The Philippines also shares its experience in
promoting a culture of peace at the national,
regional, and multilateral levels. They
participate in intercultural dialogues and
initiatives to foster peace and understanding.
• The Department of Education (DepEd) has created
the Balangkas ng Nagkakaisang Sambayanan
(Bansa), which is the national peace framework of
the agency. This framework strengthens the
commitment to upholding a culture of peace and
ensuring safer and conflict-free schools and
learning institutions.
1. Promoting the culture of peace in PH, key in
strengthening rule of law – Galvez – PeaceGovPH

2. The Philippine Framework for Peace: A Conceptual

Study
3. Philippines shares experience in promoting a
“Culture of Peace” through intercultural dialogues
4. PEACE EDUCATION: A Pathway to a Culture
of Peace - Miriam College
5. DepEd creates nat’l framework for culture of
peace