TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI

VIỆN KINH TẾ VÀ QUẢN LÝ

Organization behavior

PhD. Nguyen Thanh Huong

School of Economics and Management
HANOITRƯỜNG
UNIVERSITY
ĐẠI OF
HỌCSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI
VIỆN
SCHOOL KINH TẾ VÀ
OF ECONOMICS ANDQUẢN LÝ
MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION TO
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

Thanh Huong Nguyen, PhD

Department of Management Science and Law
COURSE CONTENT
● Lesson 1: Introduction to Organizational Behavior
● Lesson 2: Foundations of Individual Behavior
● Lesson 3: Perception, Values, Attitudes, and Job
Satisfaction
● Lesson 4: Employee Motivation
● Lesson 5: Foundations of Group Behavior
● Lesson 6: Communication in Groups and Organizations
● Lesson 7: Leadership and Power
● Lesson 8: Organizational Culture
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● Week 1: Management & Organizational behaviour
● Week 2: Individual & Cultural Differences
● Week 3: Perception & Job Attitudes
● Week 4 , 5: Work motivation for Performance
● Week 6: Group and Intergroup Relations
● Week 7: Communication
● Week 8: Conflict and Negotiations

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Source materials

● Robbins S.P. & Judge T.A (2013), Organizational Behavior, Edition 15th,
Prentice-Hall International Inc.
● McShane S.L., Von Glinow M.A.(2005), Organizational Behavior,
NewYork: McGraw-Hill Co.
● Nguyễn Hữu Lam (1998), Hành vi tổ chức,TP.HCM: Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục
● Bùi Anh Tuấn, Phạm Thúy Hương (2014), Giáo trình hành vi tổ chức: NXB
Đại học kinh tế quốc dân

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COURSE EVALUATION METHOD
● Weighting: Mid-term Exam - Final Exam: 40-60
● Components of Mid-term Exam:
● Mid-term Exam: 45%
● Group Assignments: 40%
● Attendance: 15%

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Lesson objectives
After studying this lesson, learners should be able to:
● Understand what organizational behavior is.
● Identify the significance of organizational behavior.
● Summarize and differentiate the functions of
Organizational Behavior.
● Evaluate opportunities and challenges for managers in
applying the science of organizational behavior.

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CONTENT
● Concept of Organizational Behavior (OB)
● Roles of Organizational Behavior
● Functions of Organizational Behavior
● Opportunities and Challenges for OB

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What Managers Do
Managers (or administrators)
Individuals who achieve goals through other people.

Managerial
ManagerialActivities
Activities
••Make
Makedecisions
decisions
••Allocate
Allocateresources
resources
••Direct
Directactivities
activitiesofofothers
othersto
to
attain
attaingoals
goals

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Where Managers Work
Organization
A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two
or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous
basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

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Three Characteristics
of Organizations

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Management Functions

•Planning
•Organizing
•Leading
•Controlling

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 Management skills

i l ls
Top managers l sk
a
p tu
e
nc l ls
Co sk
i
Middle managers an
u m
H i l ls
k
a ls
n i c
First-line managers ech
T

Dr. Louis Champathes (1976)

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What is organizational behavior?
How humans think, feel, and behave in an
organizational setting on both the individual and
group level.
1) Micro-level: individuals and groups
2) Macro-level: design, process and relations between
organizations and the environment

“Good units walk a thin line between indiscipline and

ineffectiveness. Ignore the rules too often and you’ve
got a mob, but enforce the rules too strictly and you’ve
got a herd.”
― Henry V. O'Neil
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Enter Organizational Behavior

Concepts Related to Organizational Behavior:

● An organization: A collection of two or more individuals with a

shared purpose to consistently pursue common goals or strategies.
● Organizational Behavior (OB): The ways in which employees
behave or react during the execution of the organization's tasks.

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Replacing Intuition with Systematic Study
Intuition
A feeling not necessarily supported by research.

Systematic study
Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute
causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based
on scientific evidence.
Provides a means to predict behaviors.

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Concept of Organizational Behavior (OB)

● Organizational Behavior Course: A field of study that

investigates the influences of individuals, groups, and
organizations on behavior, applying knowledge acquired
at three levels to enhance organizational effectiveness.

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18
Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field
Psychology
The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change
the behavior of humans and other animals.

Sociology
The study of people in relation to their fellow human beings.

Social Psychology
An area within psychology that blends concepts from psychology and
sociology and that focuses on the influence of people on one another.

Anthropology
The study of societies to learn about human beings and their
activities.

Political Science
The study of the behavior of individuals and groups within a
political environment.
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The Essence & Necessity of OB Research
● Roles of Organizational Behavior:
● Functions of Organizational Behavior
● The Necessity of Organizational Behavior Research

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Roles of Organizational Behavior
● Establishing a connection between employees & the organization based
on ensuring alignment with the organization's goals and values, as well as
respecting and ensuring the values and personal benefits of individual
workers.
● Supporting managers in gaining a comprehensive understanding of
employees, enabling them to formulate appropriate policies and measures
to encourage innovation and motivation among the workforce.
● Creating an efficient work environment within the organization, grounded
in shared responsibilities and close collaboration among its members.
● Ensuring a harmonious balance, trust, and strong connection between
employees and the organization.

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Functions of Organizational Behavior

Explaining
function

Controlling Predictive
function function
OB

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 Functions of Organizational Behavior
● Explaining function: Providing explanations for the behaviors of
individuals, groups, or organizations (focusing on past behaviors).
● Predictive function: Focusing on forecasting events that may occur in
the future based on current and past behaviors.
● Controlling function: Influencing others to achieve specific goals.

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Necessity of Organizational Behavior Research
● Developing a Systematic Approach to Understand Behavior
● Managers Fostering Employee Attachment to the Organization
● Managers Establishing an Efficient Work Environment.
● Managers Ensuring Trust Balance with Employees and the Organization

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Challenges and Opportunities for OB (cont’d)

● Expansion or downsizing
● Workforce diversity: transitioning from a "melting pot" approach
to a "celebration of differences" approach
● Trend towards empowering employees
● Encouraging creativity
● Decreasing employee loyalty towards organizations
● CSR

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Challenges and Opportunity for OB (cont’d)

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The changing workplace
 The challenge of international competition
● Productivity
 The challenge of new technologies
● Automation, AI – ChatGPT
 The challenge of increased quality
● Standards
 The challenge of employee motivation
● Compensation, work culture – (Extrinsic
vs. Intrinsic)
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Basic OB Model,

Model
An abstraction of reality.
A simplified representation of
some real-world phenomenon.
Organization system level

Group level

Individual level

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The Dependent Variables
Dependent variable
A response that is affected by an independent variable.

x
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The Independent Variables
Independent variable
The presumed cause of some change in the dependent
variable.

Independent
Independent
Variables
Variables

Individual-Level Group-Level Organization

Organization
Individual-Level Group-Level System-Level
Variables
Variables Variables
Variables System-Level
Variables
Variables

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The Independent Variables
- Individual variables: Biographical characteristics;
abilities; personality; perceptions, values,
attitudes, learning, and motivational needs.
- Group variables: group dynamics; group
performance; leadership style; power and team
conflict.
- Organizational variables: organizational
structure; organizational structure; human
resource policies.
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The Dependent Variables (cont’d)
● Job satisfaction
● Organizational citizenship
● Productivity
● Absenteism
● Turnover

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The Dependent Variables (cont’d)
Productivity
A performance measure that includes
effectiveness and efficiency.

Effectiveness

Efficiency

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2.2.4. Efficiency and Effectiveness

Efficiency Effectiveness

Doing
Doingthings
thingsright
right Doing
Doingthe
theright
rightthings
things

The
Theaims
aimsofofmanagement:
management:
Waste
Wasteminimization
minimization
Higher
Higherlevels
levelsof
ofobjectives
objectives

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Efficiency and Effectiveness

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The Dependent Variables (cont’d)
Absenteeism
The failure to report to work.

Turnover
The voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an
organization.

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)

Discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee’s formal job
requirements, but that nevertheless promotes the effective functioning of
the organization.

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The Dependent Variables (cont’d)
Job satisfaction
A general attitude toward one’s job, the difference
between the amount of reward workers receive and
the amount they believe they should receive.

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