SOCIAL ISSUES AND

THEIR IMPACT ON
JUDICIARY
 SEPERATION OF POWER
 Legislative
 Executive
 Judiciary
LEGISLATIVE
 Called as Parliament
 Consists of President and Two Houses ; Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and, House of the People
(Lok Sabha)
 Bicameral Structure,
 Law Making Authority,
 Representative Democracy,
 Federal Representation,
 Checks and Balances ,
 Functions of Deliberation,
 Electoral Purpose,
 Custodian of National Treasury.
EXECUTIVE
President as Head; President is the ceremonial head of state, representing India internationally.
Prime Minister as Leader; Prime Minister is the head of government, leading the executive
branch.
Executive power vested in the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
Cabinet collectively responsible to the Parliament for policies and decisions.
 . Bureaucracy; Administrative machinery implements government policies under the guidance
of the executive.
JUDICIARY
 Important part of country
 Structure provided by Constitution
 Watchdog Constitution
 Defends Fundamental Rights
 Consist of Judges, Lawyers and Magistrates
 Independence; Operates independently of the executive and legislative branches, ensuring impartiality.
 Hierarchy; Three-tier structure – Supreme Court, High Courts, and subordinate courts.
 Judicial Review; Authority to review laws and executive actions for constitutionality.
 Adversarial System; Parties present cases, judge makes decisions impartially.
 *Public Interest Litigation (PIL); Allows citizens to seek justice for public issues.
SOCIAL ISSUES
 Corruption
 Caste Discrimination
 Gender Justice
 LGBTQ+ Rights
 Environment
 Religious and Cultural Dispute
 Election Reforms
JUDICIAL REFORMS
 Speedy Justice
 Legal Aid and Access to Justice
 Alternative Dispute Resolution
 Technology Integration
 Collaboration with Other Institutions
 Accountability and Transparency
 Specialised Courts
CONCLUSION