CHAPTER 1

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF
TOURISM
 The Psychology of Tourism
A. Motivation
B. Travel as a Means to Satisfy a Need and
Want for Travel
C. Relationship of Needs, Wants, and
Motives
A. Motivation for Travel
1. escape;
2. relaxation;
3. relief of tension;
4. sunlust;
5. physical;
 A. Motivation for Travel
6. health;
7. family togetherness;
8. interpersonal relations;
9. roots or ethnic;
10. maintaining social contacts
 A. Motivation for Travel
11. convincing oneself of one's
achievements;
12. showing one's importance to others;
13. status and prestige;
14. self-discovery;
15. cultural;
 A. Motivation for Travel

16. education,
17. professional/business;
18, wanderlust,
19. interest in foreign areas; and
20. scenery
Basic travel motivators can be
divided into four classes:

1. Physical motivators
2. Cultural motivators
3. Interpersonal motivators
4. Status and prestige
 Push/Pull Model
The push/pull model explains the push and
pull forces in human motivation. According to
the push/pull model, there are push and pull
forces in human motivation. Internal factors or
personal needs "push" people to travel, while
external forces or attractions "pull" them to
certain destinations.
 Maslow's Theory of Motivation and
Travel Motivations(5)

1. Physiological Needs-hunger, thirst, rest, activity,

2. Safety Needs-safety and security, freedom from
fear and anxiety,
3. Social Needs-love, affection, giving and
receiving:
 Maslow's Theory of Motivation and
Travel Motivations(5)

4. Self-esteem-self-respect and esteem from

others; and
5. Self-actualization-personal self-fulfillment.
 Tourist Motivations

A. The Need for Escape or Change

B. Travel for Health
C. Sports
D. Social Contacts
E. Status and Prestige
 Tourist Motivations
F. Travel for Education
G. Personal Values
H. Cultural Experience
I. Shopping and Bargain Hunting
J. Professional and Business Motives
K. Search for Natural Beauty
Classification of Travelers Based on Purpose of Travel

A.Business Travelers

B. Pleasure/Personal Travelers
 A. Business Travelers
1. regular business travelers;
2. business travelers attending meetings,
conventions, and congresses; and
3. incentive travelers.
Differences between male and female business
travelers. Some of these are(7):
1. Women business travelers are slightly younger;
2. They tend to stay longer at their destinations;
3. They are more apt to be unmarried than males;
4. They are more likely to attend a meeting or
convention;
Differences between male and female business
travelers. Some of these are:

5. They are more likely to book through a travel agent;

6. They have a greater preference for downtown
accommodation facilities closer to work; and
7. They are more concerned with security aspects of
accommodation facilities.
Corporations usually have the following objectives in buying incentive travel trips(9):
1. Increase overall sales volumes:
2. Sell new accounts;
3. Improve morale and good will;
4 Introduce new products;
5. Offset competitive promotions;
 Corporations usually have the following
objectives in buying incentive travel trips:

6. Bolster slow seasons;

7. Help in sales training:
8. Sell slow items, and
9. Obtain more store displays and support
consumer promotions.
Pleasure/personal travelers are classified into the
following categories:

1. resort travelers;
2. family pleasure travelers;
3. the elderly; and
4. singles and couples.
 Travel Constraints

1. lack of money,
2. lack of time;
3. lack of safety and security;
4. physical disability;
 Travel Constraints
;

5. family commitments;
6. lack of interest in travel; and
7. fears of travel.
Thank you for
listening! 
 Reference:

Micro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality

By: Zenaida Lansangan-Cruz, PhD

 Prepared by:
Maria Luisa A. de Guzman,
LPT