STAINLESS STEEL MAKING

VOD

Production of Stainless Steels: Part Three, Total

Materia, 2008.
 VOD

For a production of supper ferritic grades with chromium

content of 29% Cr and C+N of < 150 ppm a he bath
agitation the treatment ladle is equipped with three inert
gas purging plugs. The oxygen blowing during the
vacuum refining is not stopped until 0.02% C content has
been reached. At that point the initial range of 0.02% to
0.04% N has been reduced to the range of 0.001% to
0.004% N.
 A T Y P I C A L S TA I N L E S S S T E E L P R O D U C T I O N FA C I L I T Y

Production of Stainless Steels: Part Three, Total

Materia, 2008
 CARBON AND NITROGEN LEVELS FOR
EAF/AOD PROCESSED MATERIAL
VERSUS CONVENTIONAL INDUCTION
MELTED MATERIAL.

Bulk melts bring flexibly better metal powders, Metal Powder Report,
Volume 58, Issues 7-8, 2003, Pages 34-44.
Grade %C %Mn %P %S %Si %Cr %Ni %N %Ti
201 .15 Max 5.5 - 7.5 .06 Max .03Max 1.0 Max 16- 18 3.5 - 5.5 .25 Max -

301 .15 Max 2.0 Max .045 Max .03Max 1.0 Max 16- 18 6-8 .1 Max. -

304 .07 Max 2 Max .045 Max .03Max .75 Max 17.5 -19.5 8 - 10.5 0.1 Max -

304L .03 Max 2 Max .045 Max .03Max .75 Max 17.5 -19.5 8 - 12 0.1 Max

304DDQ .07 Max 2 Max .045 Max .03Max .75 Max 17.5 -19.5 8.5 Min 0.1 Max -
305 FR .12 Max 2 Max .045 Max .03Max .75 Max 17 - 19 10.5-13 - -

310FR .08 Max 2. Max .045 Max .03Max 1.50 Max 24-26 19-22 - -

316L .03Max 2 Max .045 Max .03Max .75 Max 17-19 9-12 0.1 Max -

321 .08 Max 2. Max .045 Max .03Max 0.75 Max 17-19 9-12 0.1 Max -

347 .08 Max 2. Max .045 Max .03Max 0.75 Max 17-19 9-13 0.1 Max

409 .03 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .02 Max 1 Max 10.5-11.7 0.5 Max .03 Max -

409 UF .03 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .02 Max 1 Max 10.5-11.7 0.5 Max .03 Max -

409 AL .03 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .02 Max 1 Max 10.5-11.7 0.5 Max .03 Max -

410 .08-0.15 1 Max 0.04 Max .03 Max 1 Max 11.5-13.5 .75 Max - -

430 .12 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .03 Max 1 Max 16-18 .75 Max - -

439 .03 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .03 Max 1 Max 17-19 0.50 0.03 -

441 .03 Max 1 Max 0.04 Max .03 Max 1 Max 17.5-19.5 1 Max 0.03 .1-.5