Dr R.K.

Jaiswal scientist D
rkjaiswal_sagar@yahoo.co.in, jaiswal.nihrgov.in

Ph: 9425655193
National Institute of Hydrology, CIHRC
WALMI Campus, Bhopal
HEC HMS
• HEC HMS is designed to simulate
the precipitation-runoff of
dendritic watershed system
• It can simulate wide range of
geographical areas with the
widest range of problems
• This includes

• Large river basin water supply

• flood hydrology

• Small urban or natural

watershed runoff
HEC HMS
• The hydrograph from this model
can be used in other models for

• Water availability studies

• Urban drainage

• Flow forecasting

• Impact of urbanization

• Spillway design

• Flood damage reduction

• Floodplain regulation

• System operation
HEC HMS
• It is a generalized model capable
of representing many watersheds
• Different components of
hydrological cycles
• Several model choices are
available for representing each
flux
• Different mathematical models is
suitable under different conditions
• Correct choice require knowledge
of hydrology of watershed
• A GUI allows the seamless
movement between different
parts of program
 HEC HMS: Layout

Watershed
Explorer

Desktop

Component
Editor Message Log
 Main Components in HMS
• Basin model: For physical description of the watershed.
• Sub basin: watershed catchments where rain falls.
• Reach: rivers and streams.
• Reservoir: dams and lakes.
• Junction: confluence.
• Diversion: bifurcations and withdrawals.
• Source: springs and other model sinks.
• Sink: outlets and terminal lakes.
• Meteorological model: Describes atmospheric conditions over
the watershed land surface.
• Precipitation.
• Potential evapotranspiration.
• Snowmelt.
• Control specifications: Time control during a simulation run.
HEC HMS
• Available Elements in HEC HMS
• Sub basin
• Reach
• Junction
• Reservoir
• Diversion
• Source
• Sink
• Computation process from
upstream to downstream
HEC HMS: Tool Bar
HEC HMS: Tool Bar
 HEC HMS: Tool Bar
S Name Image Description
N
1 Sub basin Represent physical watershed. For a precipitation,
outflow is calculated by subtracting precipitation losses,
calculating surface runoff, and adding baseflow
2 Reach Reach is used to convey streamflow in the basin model.
Inflow from reach can come from one or more
component. Outflow from reach can be computed from
translation and attenuation.
3 Reservoir Reservoir can be used to model detention and
attenuation by a reservoir. Inflow can come from on or
more upstream elements. Outflow can be routed through
any of three routing method
4 Junction Junction is used to combine streamflow from elements
located upstream of junction. Inflows can come from
one or many elements. Outflow is computed by adding
all inflows
 HEC HMS: Tool Bar
S Name Image Description
N
5 Diversion Diversion used to model flow leaving main channel.
Inflow can come from one or more elements.
Outflow from diversion consists of diverted or non-
diverted flow. Diverted flow is computed using input
from users.
6 Point The point source is used to introduce flow into the
source basin model. The source element has no inflow.
Outflow from source is defined by the user
7 Outlet/Sink Sink is used to represent the outlet of physical
watershed. Inflow to the sink from one or many
upstream elements. There is no outflow from the
sink.
HEC HMS: Tool Bar
HEC HMS: Processes
• Infiltration losses can be
determined by

• Deficit and Constant

• Exponential
• Green and Ampt
• Gridded Deficit Constant
• Gridded Green and Ampt
• Gridded SCS Curve Number
• Gridded Soil Moisture Accounting
• Initial and Constant
• SCS Curve Number
• Smith Parlange
• Soil Moisture Accounting
HEC HMS: Runoff
• Seven different methods for
transforming excess precipitation
to runoff
• Clark unit hydrograph
• Snyder unit hydrograph
• SCS unit hydrograph
• User specified UH
• User specified S-graph
• Modified Clark
• Kinematic wave
• Three layer soil moisture
accounting for complex
infiltration and evaporation
Representation of Hydrologic System in HEC
HMS
Setting up simple model in HEC HMS
• Step 1: Open HEC HMS software
• Step2: Create “New Project”
• Step 4: In Basin, make network model
• In this example, digitize one sub basin and one sink
• Step 5: Give preparties and process in sub basin
• For this, double click “sub basin-1” Tab
Linking sub basin with Sink
• Step 6: Go to “Time Series Data Manager”
• Create “Precipitation Gauge”
• Create New as “Gauge 1”
• Double Click “ Gauge 1”
• Time Interval: 1 hr
• Give Time Period: Keep same as appear
• In “Table Give Time Series

•
• Step 6: Go to “Meteorological Model Manager”
• Create New Model as “Mat1”
• Click “Mat 1”
• Click “Basins” and select “Yes” in Include Sub
basin
• Double Click “Specified Hyetograph”
• Click gauge and select “Gauge 1”
• Step 7: Go to “Control Specification Manager”
• Create New Control Specification
• Give name as “Control1”
• Double click “Conrol1” and give Start date,
End date, Start time, End time and Time
interval
• Step 8: Go to “Compute”
• Create Compute and Simulation Run
• Give a name for Run as “Run1” and do next, next
until it Finish
• Go to Compute Selection Window and Select
“Run1” and compute “Run1”
• If all data
• Step 8: Double Click “Results”
• All Tables and Graph will be available in “Component
Editor”
• See “Graph”: You can get Rainfall and Hydrograph
• See “ Summary Table”: All information related to simulation
• You can see Outflow, Precipitation, Cumulative
Precipitation, Soil Infiltration, Excess Precipitation,
Cumulative Excess Precipitation, Precipitation Loss, Direct
Runoff, Baseflow
• Step 8: Double Click “Sink-1” in Simulation
• You can get Graph, Summary Table, Time Series Table,
Outflow, Combined Inflow
THANK YOU