Coordinates, points and lines

Core 1 Mathematics
 Reminder:

Starter - Recap 28  4  7
 4 7
 Simplify the following surds
2 7
1. 20

2. 48

3. 52  13 *
 Reminder:

Starter - Answers 28  4  7
 4 7
 Simplify the following surds
2 7
1. 20 2 5

2. 48 4 3

3. 52  13 * 13
 Andy & Bronwen are standing in the positions
shown. How far apart are they?

B X

X A
A bit of history...
 Euclid of Alexandria
 Mid 4th Century – Mid 3rd

Century BC
 Greek Mathematician
 ‘Father of Geometry’
 Book ‘Elements’ one of the

most influential works in

the history of
mathematics
 Used in schools into 20th

Century
A bit of history...
 René Descartes
 31 March 1596 – 11

February 1650
 Philosopher,

Mathematician and writer

 Two most famous

contributions:
 ‘Cogito ergo sum’
 Cartesian coordinates
◦ Revolutionised Mathematics
by providing the first
systematic link between
Euclidean geometry and
algebra
 Andy & Bronwen are standing in the positions
shown. How far apart are they?

B X

52  3
X A
5 1  4
 Success Criteria
 Know the formula for the length of a
line segment
 Confidently use the formula to find

the distance between two points

 Use the formula to find the distance

between two points where the

solution involves surds
 Confidently use the formula to solve

line segment problems

Formula
 Can you find a general formula for the
distance between two points?

y2  y1

x2  x1
 Formula
 The distance between the points with
coordinates (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), which
is the length of the line segment
joining them, is

( x2  x1 )  ( y2  y1 )
2 2
Exercise
 Find the lengths of the line segments
joining these pairs of points.
a) (6, 5) and (2, 2)

b) (10, 9) and (4, 1)

c) (-3, 2) and (1, -1)

d) (4, -5) and (-1, 0) *

e) (-3, -3) and (-7, 3) *

Exercise - Answers
 Find the lengths of the line segments
joining these pairs of points.
a) (6, 5) and (2, 2) 5

b) (10, 9) and (4, 1) 10

5
c) (-3, 2) and (1, -1)
5 2
d) (4, -5) and (-1, 0) *
2 13
e) (-3, -3) and (-7, 3) *
Problems - Example
 Calculate the area of the right angled triangle
formed by the points A(1, 3), B(2, 5) and
C(5, 1). The right angle is formed at the point
A.
Exercise
1. The points A with coordinates (-6, -3)
and B with coordinates (-3, -7) lie on a
circle. Find the length of the chord AB.
2. Show that the triangle formed by the
points (-3, -2), (2, -7) and (-2, 5) is
isosceles.
3. Show that the triangle formed by the
points (3, -2), (4, 7) and (1, -2) is not
isosceles.
4. Show that the points (7, 12), (-3, -12)
and (14, -5) lie on a circle with centre
(2, 0).
Extension question
 The vertices of a quadrilateral DEFG
are D(3, -2), E(0, -3), F(-2, 3) and
G(4, 1).
a) Find the length of each side of the
quadrilateral.
b) What type of quadrilateral is DEFG?
Exercise - Answers
1. The points A with coordinates (-6, -3)
and B with coordinates (-3, -7) lie on a
circle. Find the length of the chord AB. 5
2. Show that the triangle formed by the
points (-3, -2), (2, -7) and (-2, 5) is
isosceles.
3. Show that the triangle formed by the
points (3, -2), (4, 7) and (1, -2) is not
isosceles.
4. Show that the points (7, 12), (-3, -12)
and (14, -5) lie on a circle with centre
(2, 0).
Extension question - Answer
 The vertices of a quadrilateral DEFG
are D(3, -2), E(0, -3), F(-2, 3) and
G(4, 1).
a) Find the length of each side of the
quadrilateral.
b) What type of quadrilateral is DEFG?

DE  DG  10 Kite

EF  FG  40
Success Criteria
 Know the formula for the length of a
line segment
 Confidently use the formula to find

the distance between two points

 Use the formula to find the distance

between two points where the

solution involves surds
 Confidently use the formula to solve

line segment problems