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 DEFINITION OF TERMS

 METHODS OF REPORTING
INFORMATION

 CYCLES OF OPERATIONS
DEFINITION & IMPORTANCE OF
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
• Intelligence – is the product resulting from
collection and processing of information
concerning actual or possible enemy
theater of operation and potential situation
held areas. This processing includes the
recording and evaluation of information of
all available sources & the analysis &
interpretation thereof for presentation &
dissemination.
DEFINITION & IMPORTANCE OF
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
• Military Intelligence – is the evaluated &
interpreted information concerning an
actual or possible enemy theater of
operation including weather & terrain,
together with the conclusions drawn
therefore.
DEFINITION & IMPORTANCE OF
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
• Information – includes all observation,
documents, facts, materials, diagram,
maps or reports of any kind which may
serve to throw light on either an enemy,
possible or actual, or an area of operations
to include weather and terrain.
DEFINITION & IMPORTANCE OF
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
• Combat Intelligence – is the military
intelligence produced in the field after the
outbreak of hostilities, by the military
intelligence sections of all tactical
headquarters & deals primarily with
capabilities of the enemy armed forces.
DEFINITION & IMPORTANCE OF
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE
• Counter Intelligence – is that part of
military intelligence which deals with the
neutralization of the effectiveness of
hostile intelligence activities.
• Reconnaissance – is directed search for
information about the enemy and the
terrain.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE COMBAT
INTELLIGENCE

 To help commanders make sound

decisions, which in turn will help
accomplish your assigned mission.
 To conceal from the enemy own plans
and activities.
 HOW TO REPORT INFORMATION

• Oral Report– men usually make person to

person reports orally because it is faster &
it allows questions & answers. Reports
maybe made through the use of
telephone, cell phone or radio.
• Written Reports – has the advantage of
being delivered to the receiver exactly as it
is prepared. It can be more detailed.
 SALUTE
S – size of the enemy
A – activity of the enemy
L – location of the enemy
U – unit of the enemy
T – time the enemy was seen
E – equipment used by the enemy
 SOURCES OF INFORMATION

• Enemy Personnel (POW)

• Enemy Documents
• Enemy Material
• Civilians from enemy territory
 Evaluation as to Source
A – Completely reliable
B – Usually reliable
C – Fairly reliable
D – Not usually reliable
E – Unreliable
F – Reliability cannot be judged
 Evaluation as to Truth
1 – Report confirmed by other sources
2 – Probably true
3 – Possibly true
4 – Doubtfully true
5 – Improbable
6 – Truth cannot be judged
INTELLIGENCE
CYCLE
I. INTRODUCTION:
The primary function of the intelligence officer
is to keep the Command informed about the enemy
and the area of operations- the unknowns, the
answer to which the Commanders needs to
formulate his plans and make decision. He also
assists the commander needs to formulate his plans
and make decisions. He also assists the
Commander in the formulation and supervision of
counter intelligence activities within the Command.
II. ORGANIZATION

THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE

FOUR PHASES OF INTELLIGENCE CYCLE

1. Planning of the collection effort

2. Collecting information
3. Processing the collected information
4. Dissemination and using the resulting
intelligence
In the study of intelligence cycle, it is
unimportant which phase is
considered first- “information” or
intelligence can be inserted in any
phase as appropriate. The intelligence
cycle has no beginning and no end.
Any sequence, which logically
organizes though processes, is
workable.
 PLANNING OF THE
COLLECTION EFFORT
The success of the mission is directly
related to the availability of intelligence.
Planning the collection of information is
based on the fact that implementation of
courses of action requires activities
which have distinctive characteristics.
1. Determine the intelligence required for
decisions and plans
2. Determine the priority for which different
intelligence items are required.
3. Balance the requirements based on the
capabilities of available sources of
information and collection agencies.
4. Selection of collection agencies to be
employed and the issuance of the
necessary orders and requests for
information.
5. Supervising the execution of orders and
request
 The essential elements of information
(EEI) are the un obtained items of intelligence
needed by the commander at a particular time,
in making a decision with an acceptable degree
of confidence. The EEI is the highest priority
intelligence requirements. After the allocation
means are used to fulfill other intelligence
requirements (OIR) needed by the command.
The intelligence officer determines the other
intelligence requirements of the commander
and for the bases for further planning and
collection effort
 After an intelligence requirement has
been determined and the priorities have
been established, the intelligence officer
must determine what indicators will answer
questions about the requirements. He must
then select the agencies that will actually
collect the required information. There are
four criteria for the proper selection of
collection agencies: Capability, suitability,
multiplicity and balance
 COLLECTING INFORMATION

Collection is the systematic exploitation of

sources of information by collection agencies
and the delivery of the information obtained to
the proper intelligence section.
Officer must be assured of a continuous,
input of reliable information concerning the
disposition, strength, composition, and
movement of hostile forces, as well as
information concerning weather and terrain.
SOURCE OF INFORMATION
Are person, things or actions from
which information about the enemy weather
or terrain is derived. Sources will include
orders of battle books, enemy weapons and
equipment handbooks, terrain studies and
other reference material prepared by higher
headquarters and similar agencies. These
sources will include maps, air photos,
enemy documents, enemy materials,
prisoner of war and weather forecasts.
COLLECTION AGENCY

– is any person, unit or activity that

collects and/or processes information
by research, surveillance, interrogation
or other exploitation of resources.
It is the responsibility of every one to
collect information; collection agencies
include all military intelligence
specialist, troops and special unit.
INFORMATION REPORTING
a. Reporting Methods -
Information gathered by
collection agencies may be
reported through a variety of means
and methods
1.Interrogator team reports
2.Spot reports
b. Reporting Procedure - All
information should be reported as
quickly as possible and the report
should be clear, concise complete.
Additionally, it should contain the
“minimum essentials” of a report, i.e.
5W 1H of the activity occurred
 PROCESSING THE
COLLECTED INFORMATION

PROCESSING OF
COLLECTED INFORMATION It is
that step in the intelligence cycle in
which the information is converted to
intelligence.
RECORDING means reducing
information into writing or some
form of graphical representation
and the like.

1.Writing down the oral report

2.Plotting it on a situation map
3.Writing in on a journal, worksheet
or workbook
4.Indexing it
2. EVALUATION - involved a
critical appraisal of information to
serve as a basis for its subsequent
interpretation. It determines the
pertinence ® and accuracy of the
information on one hand and the
source and its reliability on the other.
3. ANALYSIS - involves the stage in
the intelligence cycle in which the
information is subjected to review in
order to satisfy significant facts and
derived conclusion from

It is the examination into the implication of

words, acts thing or even silence.
The Intelligence analyst must ask himself
the question “WHY” while examining
any of these matters.
 EVALUATION RATING

A Completely Reliable 1 Confirmed by others

B Usually Reliable 2 Probably True
C Fairly Reliable 3 Possibly True
D Not Usually Reliable 4 Doubtfully True
E Unreliable 5 Improbable
F Reliability cannot be 6 Truth cannot be
judged judged
T Direct observation by Unit
Commander
U Penetration/Resident Agent
V AFP Troops involved in the
encounter/operations
W Interrogation of captured enemy
X Government civilian
Y Members of the populace
Z Documentary
4.INTEGRATION

KOCOA and SALUTE

K Key Terrain Features
O Observation and Fire
C Cover and Concealment
O Obstacles
A Avenues of Approach
S Size
A Activity
L Location
U Unit
T Time
E Equipment
5. INTERPRETATION - is the act of
determining the significance of a known
condition or development in its true
perspective. The intelligence interpreter
seeks answers to the question; “What
does the information mean in relation to
the area of operation and the enemy
situation? “What could possibly happen
because all of these? “ Where all these
lead to? The interpreter determines the
significance of the information as to the
meaning of the integrated information.